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3,i 


CENTENNIAL 


OF  THE 


Bulfinch  State  House. 


EXERCISES 

Before  the  Massachusetts  Legislature, 

January  h,  1898. 


CHE5TNUT 

BOSTON  : 

WRIGHT  &   POITER   PRINTING  CO.,    STATE    PRINTERS, 

1 8  Post  Office  Square. 

1898. 


FT3.  i 


192114 


[From  the  Journal  op  the  Senate.] 

January  6,  1898. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Crane,  — 

Ordered,  That  so  much  of  the  Governor's  Address  as  relates 
to  the  restoration  of  the  Bulfinch  State  House  and  the  centen- 
nial anniversary  of  its  occupancy  be  referred  to  a  joint  special 
committee,  to  consist  of  three  members  of  the  Senate  and  five 
members  of  the  House ;  and  that  said  committee  be  authorized 
to  make  such  arrangements,  and  report  such  recommendations, 
as  may  be  necessary  to  provide  for  the  suitable  commemora- 
tion of  these  events. 

Messrs.  Crane,  Holden  and  Mo  ran  were  appointed  the 
committee  on  the  part  of  the  Senate. 

Sent  down  for  concurrence. 

Came  up,  adopted,  in  concurrence  ;  and  Messrs.  Lowell 
of  Boston,  Harlow  of  Whitman,  Stone  of  Springfield, 
Porter  of  North  Attleborough  and  Cooke  of  Milford 
were  joined  on  the  part  of  the  House. 

January  10. 

A  report  of  the  joint  special  committee  who  were 
instructed  to  make  such  arrangements  and  report  such 
recommendations  as  might  be  necessary  to  provide  for 
the  suitable  commemoration  of  the  centennial  anniver- 
sary of  the  occupation  of  the  Bulfinch  State  House,  came 
up,  and  was  read. 


THE   BULFINCH  STATE   HOUSE. 


The  report  stated  that  the  committee  had  arranged  for 
holding  appropriate  exercises  in  commemoration  of  said 
event  on  Tuesday,  Jan.  11,  1898,  at  11  o'clock  a.m.,  in 
the  present  Senate  Chamber ;  that  on  said  occasion  His 
Excellency  the  Governor  would  preside  and  an  address 
would  be  delivered  by  the  Honorable  Alfred  S.  Roe ; 
and  that  all  members  of  both  branches  were  respectfully 
invited  to  be  present  at  said  exercises. 

Read  and  accepted,  in  concurrence,  under  a  suspension 
of  the  rule,  moved  by  Mr.  Holden. 

The  exercises  were  held  as  recommended,  and 
were  as  given  in  the  following  pages. 

Hon.  Ellery  B.  Crane  of  Worcester,  chair- 
man of  the  special  committee  having  the  matter 
in  charge,  introduced  His  Excellency  Gov.  Roger 
Wolcott,  who  presided. 


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DANIEL   W.  WALDRON. 


PRAYER. 


By  the  REV.  DANIEL  W.  WALDRON,1  Chap/am  of  the  House. 


Our  Father  in  heaven,  we  come  into  Thy  pres- 
ence with  adoration,  praise  and  prayer.  We  render 
homage  to  Thee  as  the  Supreme  Ruler  and  Law- 
giver. We  acknowledge  that  to  Thee  we  are 
indebted  for  every  good  and  perfect  gift. 

Our  fathers'  God  and  our  God,  Thou  didst 
bring  to  these  shores  our  fathers,  who,  in  prayer 
and  sacrifice,  laid  the  foundations  of  a  great 
nation,  whose  rising  walls  bear  witness  to  the 
heroic  deeds  of  their  sons.     We  bless    Thee  for 


1  Chaplain  Daniel  W.  AValdron  was  born  in  Augusta,  Me.,  Nov.  11,  1840; 
was  graduated  from  Bowdoin  1862,  and  from  Andover,  1866.  "Was  pastor  over 
Congregational  churches  in  East  Weymouth  and  East  Boston.  Feb.  1,  1873, 
became  city  missionary  of  Boston,  a  position  still  held  by  him,  the  twenty-fifth 
anniversary  of  which  was  observed  in  February  last.  He  preached  the  last 
election  sermon  in  1880,  in  the  Representatives'  Hall,  the  only  time  an  election 
sermon  was  ever  given  there.  He  was  elected  chaplain  in  1879  and  has  been 
re-elected  annually  since.  In  1892  and  1893  Mr.  It.  M.  Bridgman  printed  a  book 
containing  the  chaplain's  prayers  for  those  sessions,  an  exceedingly  valuable  and 
interesting  collection.  It  contains,  also,  a  list  of  all  preceding  House  chaplains, 
with  their  years  of  service.  Till  1791  the  same  man  acted  as  chaplain  of  both 
branches.  Among  the  seventy-two  different  men  we  find  that  a  majority  also 
served  as  chaplains  of  the  Senate. 


6  THE  BULFINCH  STATE  HOUSE. 

the  good  land  we  possess;  for  its  civic,  educa- 
tional and  religious  institutions,  from  which  flow 
so  many  blessings  to  us  as  individuals,  families 
and  a  people. 

Most  gracious  God,  we  are  reminded  at  this 
hour  that  our  own  Commonwealth  has  always 
made  generous  provision  for  those  who  have  been 
entrusted  with  its  public  affairs  and  for  those 
who  have  enacted  its  laws.  A  hundred  years 
ago  to-day,  in  solemn  procession,  bearing  valued 
records  and  the  treasures  in  the  archives  of  the 
State,  the  Legislature  came  to  this  building,  pro- 
vided by  the  generosity  of  the  State  and  its  cap- 
ital city,  and  dedicated  it  to  the  honor  of  God 
and  the  people's  good.  We  behold  on  every  hand 
evidence  that  the  men  under  whose  oversight  this 
hall  has  been  prepared  for  its  present  use  have 
fulfilled  their  trust  with  fidelity,  and  to  like  pur- 
pose we  set  it  apart  this  day.  Give  the  wisdom 
that  cometh  from  above  and  is  profitable  to  direct 
to  our  Senators  who  are  to  meet  in  this  chamber, 
and  to  our  Representatives,  as  together  they  en- 
deavor to  guard  the  public  interests.  Let  Thy 
smile  rest  upon  the  homes  that  nestle  among  our 
hills   and  valleys,  send   prosperity  to   our  varied 


PRAYER  BY  REV.  DANIEL   W.  WALDRON.  7 

industries,  and  may  we  become  more  and  more 
that  happy  people  whose  God  is  the  Lord. 

Be  pleased,  heavenly  Father,  to  extend  Thy 
hand  in  loving  benediction  upon  the  Governor 
of  Massachusetts  in  the  discharge  of  the  duties 
of  the  position  to  which  he  has  been  called  by 
an  appreciative  people,  to  his  honorable  council- 
lors and  to  all  who  hold  places  of  authority  and 
trust. 

May  Thy  favor  be  continued  to  the  President 
of  the  United  States,  to  the  national  Congress 
and  to  all  the  people  of  this  broad  land.  Grant 
that  integrity  may  be  the  stability  of  the  times 
in  which  we  live.  Help  us  to  put  away  the  sin 
that  is  a  reproach  and  to  pursue  the  righteousness 
that  alone  exalts.  Give  protection  from  every 
foe.  Let  justice  and  brotherly  kindness  control 
our  relations  with  other  nations. 

And  now,  with  holy  prayer,  the  greetings  of 
the  chief  magistrate  of  the  State  and  the  historic 
words  of  the  orator,  we  consecrate  this  chamber 
to  the  promotion  of  the  public  welfare.  May  we 
also  give  ourselves  to  earnest  efforts  for  the  good 
of  our  fellow  men,  to  willing  obedience  to  the 
holy  and  just  laws  that  are  a  transcript  of  Thine 


8  THE  BULFINCH  STATE  HOUSE. 

own  mind  and  heart,  and  to  the  endeavor  to  form 
such  characters  as  will  enable  us  to  leave  to  pos- 
terity the  legacy  of  a  good  name,  when  we  shall 
mingle  no  more  in  the  scenes  of  earth,  and  go 
to  pass  the  final  review  before  Him  to  whom  we 
shall  give  account  for  the  deeds  done  in  the  body. 
Prepare  us  to  fight  the  battles  that  remain  to  be 
fought,  to  be  brave  under  the  trials  of  life,  to 
recognize  the  relations  that  grow  out  of  human 
brotherhood  and  that  we  sustain  to  our  Creator 
and  Redeemer,  and  at  length  receive  us  to  honor, 
glory  and  immortality  in  Thy  presence. 

Hear  our  prayer,  bless  us  in  the  services  upon 
which  we  are  entering,  guide  us  in  our  earthly 
pilgrimage,  and  at  last  may  we  hear  the  plaudit, 
"Well  done,"  dwell  in  the  heavenly  mansions, 
join  the  "  general  assembly  and  church  of  the 
first  born  which  are  written  in  heaven ; "  and  to 
God,  the  Father,  Son  and  Holy  Spirit,  shall  be 
eternal  homage.     Amen. 


ROGER   WOLCOTT. 


ADDRESS. 


By  His  Excellency  GOV.  ROGER  WOLCOTT. 


We  are  met  in  joint  assemblage  of  the  two 
branches  of  the  General  Court,  and  in  the  pres- 
ence of  the  Governor  and  Council,  to  rededicate 
to  the  public  use  of  the  Commonwealth  the  stately 
and  beautiful  edifice  which  was,  one  hundred 
years  ago,  in  the  eloquent  words  of  Governor 
Sumner,  dedicated  to  the  honor,  freedom,  inde- 
pendence and  security  of  our  country.  Since 
then  it  has  been  the  State  House  of  the  Com- 
monwealth of  Massachusetts. 

Its  walls  have  resounded  to  the  tread  and  have 
echoed  the  words  of  statesmen,  soldiers,  jurists 
and  men  of  affairs,  who  have  had  their  share  in 
the  fame  of  the  Commonwealth.  Here  have  been 
enacted  the  laws  which  have  made  Massachu- 
setts an  example  and  a  leader  to  the  other  States 
of  the  Union.     Whatsoever  pride  its  people  may 


10  THE  BULFINCH  STATE   HOUSE. 

feel  in  their  citizenship,  in  large  measure  finds 
its  source  within  these  halls.  For  a  century  this 
building  has  symbolized  the  dignity  and  majesty 
of  the  Commonwealth. 

Its  corner-stone  was  laid  by  Samuel  Adams, 
the  great  popular  leader  of  the  Revolutionary 
period,  and  by  Paul  Revere,  skilful  mechanic 
and  immortal  patriot.  Its  design  was  the  work 
of  Charles. Burnnch,  the  foremost  architect  of  his 
time  in  America,  and  it  stands  to-day  his  most 
worthy  monument. 

Either  as  owner  of  the  site,  or  as  official  occu- 
pants of  the  structure,  every  one  of  the  signers 
of  the  Declaration  of  Independence  from  the 
colony  of  Massachusetts  Bay  held  close  rela- 
tion with  this  building.  Here  Presidents  of  the 
United  States,  from  James  Monroe  to  Ulysses  S. 
Grant,  have  been  received  and  entertained  with 
the  honor  due  their  exalted  office  and  the  char- 
acter and  achievement  which  they  brought  to  the 
performance  of  its  arduous  duties.  Here  Web- 
ster has  spoken,  and  Everett  and  Choate  and 
Sumner,  and  many  another  with  lesser  fame  who 
yet  has  deserved  well  of  the  Republic.  Here  in 
honored  death  lay  a  Vice-President  of  the  United 


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PAUL    REVERE. 


ADDRESS  BY  GOV.  ROGER  WOLCOTT.  11 

States,  and  a  Senator  of  the  Commonwealth  who 
had  dared  and  suffered  in  her  cause.  Here  have 
acted  and  labored  the  long  line  of  my  predeces- 
sors in  office  who  have  made  the  title  of  Gov- 
ernor of  the  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts  one 
of  the  most  honored  in  the  nation.  Here  John  A. 
Andrew  gave  his  heart's  blood  to  the  cause  of 
union  and  nationality.  From  yonder  steps  have 
marched  to  death  or  victory  the  gallant  youth  of 
the  State,  ready  to  give  their  lives  to  a '  great 
cause.  Here  year  by  year  have  successive  Legis- 
latures patiently  wrought  to  embody  in  the  statutes 
of  the  Commonwealth  the  fundamental  principles 
laid  down  in  the  Constitution. 

These  halls  are  eloquent  with  the  presence  of 
the  great  dead.  They  speak  to  us  with  the  com- 
pelling voice  of  the  past,  and  bid  us  be  not  un- 
worthy of  the  trust  it  has  imposed.  May  we 
meet  the  problems  of  the  present  with  the  spirit 
which  inspired  our  fathers,  and  may  we  dedicate 
ourselves  anew  to  the  maintenance  of  a  govern- 
ment of  the  people,  by  the  people  and  for  the 
people;  so  may  God  bless  us  of  this  generation 
as  he  has  hitherto  blessed  the  Commonwealth  of 
Massachusetts. 


12  THE  BULFINCH  STATE   HOUSE. 


ADDRESS. 


By  ALFRED  SEE  LYE  ROE. 


Your  Excellency,  Mr.  President,  Mr. 
Speaker,  and  Gentlemen  of  the  Senate 
and  House  of  Representatives  :  — 

"What  is  excellent,  as  God  lives  is  permanent."  —  Emerson. 

The  ink  wherewith  was  written  the  legislative 
record  of  Jan.  11,  1798,  as  preserved  in  our 
archives,  shows  no  trace  of  fading.  There,  who- 
ever will  may  read  that  on  that  day,  after  recip- 
rocal notification  by  each  branch  of  the  Legislat- 
ure, the  various  departments  of  the  government 
of  the  Commonwealth  made  a  ceremonious  march 
to  the  new  edifice  on  Beacon  Hill.  Increase 
Sumner  was  then  in  the  first  year  of  his  service 
as  Governor,  Moses  Gill  had  held  the  Lieutenant- 
Governorship  nearly  eight  years,  Samuel  Phillips 
was   presiding  for  the  tenth  year  in  the  Senate, 


\ 


' 


ALFRED   S.  ROE. 


SAMUEL   ADAMS. 


ADDRESS   BY  ALFRED    SEELYE   ROE.  13 

and  Benjamin  Hutchinson  Bobbins  was  nearing 
the  end  of  his  fifth  term  of  a  like  office  in  the 
House. 

To-day  we  are  realizing  somewhat  the  fruition 
of  the  prayers  and  fervent  wishes  which  from  the 
very  beginning  marked  the  progress  of  this  build- 
ing. "With  what  earnestness  had  Peter  Thacher, 
of  the  Brattle  Street  Church,  and  an  eye-witness 
of  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill,  prayed  in  the  Old 
South  Church,  where  the  exercises  of  the  day 
began,  for  God's  choicest  blessings  upon  this  en- 
terprise, July  4,  1795!  On  that  day,  when  the 
corner-stone  was  laid,  grand  old  Sam.  Adams, 
the  last  of  the  Puritans,  in  his  executive  capacity 
had  expressed  the  wish  that  the  superstructure 
might  remain  permanent  as  the  everlasting  moun- 
tains. Governor  Sumner,  a  century  ago  to-day, 
said:  "I  am  confident  that  you,  gentlemen  of 
both  Houses  of  the  Legislature,  will  cordially 
join  me  in  the  fervent  wish  that  this  State  House 
may  long  remain  a  monument  of  the  public  spirit 
of  the  citizens  of  Massachusetts,  as  well  as  a 
testimony  of  their  respect  to  our  happy  political 
institutions."  Six  days  later,  the  response  to  the 
Governor    had    these    words :    "  In    this    splendid 


14  THE  BULFINCH  STATE  HOUSE. 

specimen  of  the  taste  and  judgment  of  the  agents 
who  planned  and  superintended  and  in  the  ability 
of  the  artificers  who  completed  its  structure,  we 
are  happy  to  find  the  public  confidence  completely 
justified.  Long  may  it  continue  an  ornament  to 
the  capital,  .  .  .  sacred  to  the  purposes  to  which 
it  has  been  devoted."  As  we  of  this  new  world 
reckon  time  the  prayer  of  Increase  Sumner  is 
answered,  for  the  building  has  long  continued. 
Whether  Adams's  desire,  that  this  structure  shall 
vie  with  the  everlasting  hills  in  permanency,  will 
be  realized,  time  and  subsequent  generations  must 
answer.     We  have  done  our  part. 

Since,  in  1875,  we  celebrated,  at  Concord  and 
Lexington,  their  respective  battles,  the  people  of 
this  Commonwealth  have  become  accustomed  to 
centennials.  So  prominent  have  the  citizens  of 
Massachusetts  ever  been  in  the  advancements  of 
the  rights  of  man  and  in  furthering  true  civil- 
ization, that  nearly  every  year  brings  to  the  cen- 
tury mark  one  event  or  more  of  almost  national 
importance.  Every  day  is  the  centennial  of  some- 
thing,  and  from  the  stand-point  of  the  Infinite, 
no  doubt  other  selections  of  objects  for  distinc- 
tion than  those  which  claim  the  attention  of  our 


ADDRESS  BY  ALFRED  SEELYE  ROE.  15 

finite  minds  would  often  be  made.  Be  this  as  it 
may,  when  a  hundred  years  have  passed  away 
since  this  battle  was  fought,  that  man  was  born, 
such  a  ship  was  launched  or  this  house  was 
built,  we  like  to  note  the  -day,  and  try,  there- 
from, to  gather  some  impression  which  may 
have  a  profitable  bearing  on  the  future. 

The  intervening  century,  since  the  voices  of 
Sumner,  Phillips  and  Robbins  were  first  heard 
in  this  hall  or  chamber,  compares  favorably  in 
importance  with  any  and  all  of  its  predecessors. 
American  affairs  were  never  crystallized.  The 
history  of  one  day  is  not  that  of  the  next.  As 
with  a  victorious  army  whose  ceaseless  cry  is 
"Forward,"  so  in  State  and  nation  we  have 
constantly  advanced  from  the  camping  grounds 
of  yesterday  to  higher  and  more  commanding 
positions  of  to-day.  Commerce,  mechanics,  trade, 
education,  everything  that  contributes  to  the 
good  of  mankind,  have  here  taken  great  strides 
in  their  advancement,  and  very  few  of  them 
have  not,  in  some  way,  been  connected  with  the 
edifice  whose  existence,  after  the  lapse  of  a 
hundred  years,  we  celebrate  on  this  occasion. 
Within   these    walls    must    have   been    discussed, 


16  THE  BULFINCH  STATE   HOUSE. 

with  all  possible  ardor,  the  embargo,  sailors' 
rights  and  the  many  issues  which  led  up  to  the 
war  of  1812,  our  real  war  of  independence. 
Here  Federalist  and  Democrat  fought  verbal 
battles  as  eloquent  as  those  of  their  successors 
in  more  recent  periods.  The  Missouri  compro- 
mise and  all  of  the  ante-bellum  questions  had 
here  an  airing,  and  during  that  memorable 
period  of  four  years  of  national  straggle,  what 
priceless  incidents  attached  to  these  corridors 
and    rooms. 

In  brief,  the  noteworthy  dates  in  the  history 
of  our  State  House  are  these:  July  4,  1795,  when 
the  corner-stone  was  laid;  Jan.  11, 1798,  when  the 
formal  opening  was  had;  1853,  when  the  Bryant 
addition  was  constructed;  1866,  when  the  Wash- 
burn changes  were  made;  1896,  when  the  late 
repairs  were  instituted;  and  to-day,  when  we 
celebrate  the  centennial.  It  was  fortunate  that 
Charles  Bulfinch1  was  the  architect.  Native 
genius  added  to  long  and  devoted  study,  with 
foreign  travel,  had  made  him  the  foremost  Amer- 

1  Charles  Bulfinch  was  born  in  Boston,  Aug.  8,  1763 ;  was  graduated  at  Har- 
vard in  1781;  travelled  extensively  abroad;  devoted  his  life  to  architecture; 
died  in  Boston,  April  15,  1844.  An  excellent  life  of  the  distinguished  architect, 
by  his  grand-daughter,  Ellen  Susan  Bulfinch,  was  published  in  1896  by  Hough- 
ton, Mifflin  &  Co.,  Boston. 


CHARLES    BULFINCH. 


STATE    HOUSE    FRONT,  WITH    BRYANT  ADDITION. 


ADDRESS  BY  ALFRED  SEELYE  ROE.  17 

9 

ican  in  his  profession.  The  success  of  this  work 
designated  him  the  designer  of  the  Capitol  at 
Washington,  and  assured  him  enduring  fame. 
The  building,  as  he  planned  it,  was  symmetrical, 
elegant  and  sufficient.  Advancing  years  neces- 
sitated changes  and  modifications.  For  these  he 
was  not  responsible,  nor  were  the  makers  blame- 
worthy. Considering  their  tasks,  Bryant  and 
Washburn  did  as  well  as  the  circumstances 
would  admit.  With  additions  without  and  alter- 
ations within,  the  edifice  gradually  grew  away 
from  the  lines  of  the  original  designer,  and  some, 
easily  discouraged,  said,  "  It  is  impossible  to 
make  the  structure  take  again  the  form  and 
comeliness  of  Bulfinch's  day."  The  growth  and 
development  of  a  so-called  extension,  really  an 
independent  building,  rendered  the  preservation 
of  the  old  edifice  extremely  difficult.  The  edict 
all  but  went  forth  that  the  day  of  destruction 
had  come,  when  certain  men  and  women  said, 
"  Let  us  make  one  more  effort  to  preserve." 
The  result  surrounds  us.     Esto  pevpetua. 

"  Blessings  brighten  as,  they  take  their  flight " 
is  an  adage,  trite  but  true.  The  tablet  upon  the 
fence,  just  below  the  State  House  grounds,  tell- 


18  THE  BULFINCH  STATE   HOUSE. 

ing  the  reader  that  here  once  stood  the  famous 
John  Hancock  House,1  is  scant  satisfaction,  when 
we  reflect  how  easy  it  would  have  been  to  save 
the  original  structure.  Its  effigy,  erected  in 
Chicago  at  the  Columbian  Exhibition,  was,  by 
common  consent,  the  most  interesting  and  the 
most  visited  State  building  there,  rivalling  indeed 
those  of  the  greatest  architectural  pretensions. 
Had  this  edifice  been  allowed  to  remain  where 
its  builders  placed  it,  who  can  say  what  effect 
it  may  have  had  on  the  present  surroundings  of 
this  Capitol?  Certainly  there  would  have  been 
no  necessity  of  purchasing  to  the  westward  for 
self-protection.  Wendell  Phillips  told  us,  in  his 
matchless  way,  that  he  once  escorted  a  visitor 
from  a  southern  State  beneath  this  ancient  roof- 
tree;  and  as  the  gentleman  stepped  upon  the 
slab  worn  by  thousands  of  passing  feet,  and  re- 
flected that  through  that  very  doorway  had  gone 
so  many  times  the  President  of  the  Continental 
Congress,  overcome  by  his  emotions,  he  said, 
,"You  must  excuse  me,  but  the  presence  of  so 
much  recalling  the  venerable    past   quite  unmans 

1  This  ancient  and  interesting  structure  was  sold  to  James  M.  Beebe  and 
Gardner  Brewer,  Feb.  18,  1863,  for  $125,000.  It  was  taken  down  during  that 
season  and  the  present  brown-stone  buildings  took  its  place. 


ADDRESS  BY  ALFRED  SEELYE  ROE.  19 

me,  and  I  must  sit  for  a  moment  to  recover  my- 
self."    The    same    orator,    in    Chicago,    told    the 
people  of  that    boastful   city    that   they    did   not 
sufficiently    value    the    first    house    built    within 
their    limits.     It    was    then    standing,   and   could 
have  been  retained  at  very  little  outlay.    "  Cover 
it  with  glass  and  gild  it  with  fine  gold,"  said  he 
of    the    silver    tongue,    "  and    it   will    more   than 
repay  the    cost."     But    his    hearers    heeded    him 
not,  and    destroyed    the  most    precious  object   in 
their  midst.     When,  however,  the  world   was   ta 
repair  thither  to  see  what  Columbia  had  wrought 
after    four    hundred    years    of    striving,  Chicago,, 
mindful    of    her    lacking,    hurried    down    to    the 
banks   of  the    James   River,    carried   thence   the 
walls  of  Libby  Prison,  brick  by  brick,  and  relaid 
them  on  the  shores  of  Lake  Michigan.     She  built 
a  facsimile  of  the  home  of   Robert   Burns,  and 
offered  fabulous  sums  to  descendants  of  the  poet 
if  they  would  live  therein    during  the  exhibition, 
just  to  add  interest  to  the  show;  but,  to  the  infi- 
nite credit  of  the  appreciative  Scots,  let  it  be  said 
that  they  could   not   be   bought   nor  hired.     She 
even  came  into  our  own  Bay  State,  and,  in  Salem, 
sought  to  purchase  the  birthplace  of  Hawthorne; 


20  THE  BULFINCH  STATE   HOUSE. 

but  Salem,  a  mere  mite  in  the  financial  world 
as  compared  with  Chicago,  would  not  part  with 
what  helps  to  make  her  borders  so  interesting. 
The  queen  city  of  the  west  has  her  glories,  but 
for  history  she  must  await  the  slow  growth  of 
generations;  and  when  that  time  comes,  will  she 
have  preserved  her  memorials  of  Eugene  Field 
as  Massachusetts  has  hers  of  Longfellow,  Whit- 
tier,  Lowell,  Emerson,  Prescott,  Bancroft  and 
scores  of  others  whom  Fame  delights  to  honor? 
A  resident  of  this  Commonwealth  was  once  re- 
turning from  California,  via  the  Northern  Pacific 
Road.  As  he  neared  Minneapolis,  the  party 
whose  acquaintance  he  had  made  during  the 
long  journey  insisted  on  his  stopping  in  the  ac- 
tive, thriving  city  of  the  north-west,  to  see  what 
great  buildings  were  there.  "Do  you  think," 
said  he,  "we  have  no  overgrown  structures  in 
the  east?  If  you  will  promise  to  show  me  the 
first  building  erected  within  the  limits  of  your 
proud  city  I  shall  be  glad  to  stop."  But,  no! 
,  False  notions  of  progress  had  long  before  wiped 
that  away,  and  only  towering  sky-scrapers  re- 
mained to  excite  the  astonishment  of  observers. 
"However,"  said  the  traveller,   "as  you  do  have 


ADDRESS  BY  ALFRED  SEELYE   ROE.  21 

here  the  Falls  of  the  Minnehaha,  immortalized  by 
the  pen  of  Longfellow,  I  think  I  will  stop  off  long 
enough  to  see  them."  Unhappily,  the  falls  were 
having  their  mid-summer  vacation,  so  Minneapolis 
presented  very  little  of  interest  to  him. 

Scenery  alone  will  not  continue  to  enchant  the 
traveller,  else  Americans  would  never  go  beyond 
the  borders  of  their  own  country.  Their  land 
offers,  in  rivers,  lakes,  plains,  mountains,  gorges 
and  natural  wonders,  all  that  the  rest  of  earth 
has  to  present,  and  more.  Not  till  centuries  have 
intervened,  however,  can  our  woods  and  waters 
attract  as  do  those  of  lands  where  the  hand  of 
man  has  wrought  from  the  dawn  of  time.  The 
Palisades  of  the  Hudson,  the  Dalles  of  the  Co- 
lumbia, the  mighty  waters  of  the  St.  Lawrence, 
impress  and  please;  but  we  turn  from  them  to 
marvel  at  the  history  which  flows  along  with 
the  waters  of  the  Rhine.  At  this  point  crossed 
English  Edward  in  the  days  of  the  Crusades; 
here  Charlemagne  devised  his  mighty  schemes; 
and  there  was  the  bridge  which  Caesar  built, — 
till  history  is  lost  in  legend  and  myth.  Surely 
Americans  do  not  encounter  the  perils  of  ocean 
travel  simply  to  see  what  fashion  is  doing  abroad. 


22  THE  BULFINCH  STATE   HOUSE. 

Palaces  have  little  part  in  their  expectations,  for 
we  have  as  grand  and  beautiful  at  home;  rather 
we  go  away  to  see  the  traces  of  deeds  that  have 
won  renown  during  the  ages;  and  thus,  in  the 
wonderful  cathedral  in  Canterbury,  we  gaze  upon 
the  spot  where  fell  a  Becket,  and  look  with  thrill- 
ing interest  on  the  coat  worn  by  the  Black  Prince 
at  Poitiers.  We  care  little  for  the  size  of  Lon- 
don, but  we  are  absorbed  in  the  visible  evidences 
of  her  history,  good  and  bad.  Westminster,  with 
its  storied  memories,  St.  Clement  Danes,  with  all 
that  it  tells  of  Dr.  Samuel  Johnson,  and  every 
church  through  whose  long-drawn  aisle  and  fretted 
vault  sound  the  pealing  anthem  and  the  note  of 
praise,  has  some  trophy  raised  by  appreciative 
memory. 

More  than  any  other  city  in  America  Boston 
possesses  the  halo  of  history.  Annually  the  list 
of  pilgrims  to  her  shrines  increases,  till  books 
and  guides  to  point  out  her  storied  wealth  be- 
come a  necessity.  Years  since,  a  Massachusetts 
teacher,  travelling  in  Canada,  made  the  acquaint- 
ance of  people  residing  in  New  Jersey.  The 
son  was  a  graduate  of  Princeton,  and  his  law 
course  had  been  taken  in  Ann  Arbor.     They  were 


ADDRESS  BY  ALFRED  SEELYE  ROE.  23 

cultured  and  discriminating.  They  purposed  re- 
turning to  their  home  by  way  of  Boston,  and 
naturally  asked  for  information  as  to  objects  of 
interest.  A  list  of  notables  was  given,  and  the 
day  of  separation  came.  Later  followed  a  letter 
from  New  Jersey,  enthusiastic  over  the  beauties 
and  wonders  of  the  New  England  metropolis. 
The  only  trouble  with  the  visitors  was  the  lack 
of  time  to  do  justice  to  the  occasion.  A  prophet 
is  not  without  honor  save  in  his  own  country,  and 
some  of  those  who  care  least  for  what  our  city 
has  to  offer  are  to  the  manner  born.  Faneuil 
Hall,  the  Old  State  House,  the  Old  South  and 
King's  Chapel  claim  the  attention  of  multitudes 
from  abroad,  while  many  whose  daily  walks  lead 
by  them  see  only  obstacles  in  the  paths  of  trade. 
Happily  such  are  not  in  the  majority,  and  senti- 
ment has  yet  some  hold  upon  humanity.  Over 
and  over  the  same  arguments  have  been  used  for 
the  preservation  of  the  before-named  buildings. 
This  room  itself  has  rung  with  denunciations 
and  with  counter-blasts.  Not  one  of  them  is 
standing  to-day  with  the  cordial  assent  of  every- 
body. Sometimes  woman  has  had  to  come  to  the 
rescue,  and  when  she   has   entered  the  lists  man 


24  THE  BULFINCH  STATE   HOUSE. 

has  invariably  withdrawn  discomfited.  What 
work  was  done  to  preserve  the  Old  South,  and 
how  could  we  get  along  to-day  without  it,  when 
we  wish  to  illustrate  the  value  of  historic  study; 
yet  some  can  recall  the  long  debates  in  this 
building  as  to  whether  it  should  be  spared,  or 
not.  Standing  in  yonder  doorway  was  a  repre- 
sentative,1 afterward  an  honored  justice  of  our 
superior  court,  when  a  destructionist  was  making 
his  familiar  remarks  on  the  desirableness  of  ring- 
ing out  the  old  and  of  ringing  in  the  new;  the 
value  of  the  site  of  the  ancient  edifice  for  busi- 
ness purposes;  whereupon  the  subsequent  judge 
repaired  to  his  own  seat,  and  thence  addressing 
the  Chair,  in  just  one  sentence,  uttered  in  his 
characteristically  hesitating  manner,  effectually  dis- 
posed of  all  opposition.  These  were  his  words: 
"Mr.  Speaker,  as  near  as  I  can  make  out,  the 
whole  trouble  with  these  folks  is  they  aren't  will- 
ing that  God  Almighty  should  have  a  corner  lot." 
In  spite  of  opposition,  however  excited,  long  and 
bitter,  these  buildings,  to  paraphrase  the  words 
of  the  dying  Webster,  still  exist;  and  to-day  we 


1  Charles  P.  Thompson  of  Gloucester,  member  of  the  House  in  1871-72,  later 
a  judge  of  the  superior  court. 


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ADDRESS  BY  ALFRED  SEELYE  ROE.  25 

add  to  their  number,  fresh  from  the  hand  of  the 
rehabilitator,  old  yet  new,  in  all  its  glory  of  years 
and  associations,  the  Bulfinch  State  House. 

"What  is  there  in  this  building  to  excite  the 
admiration  of  mankind?"  is  a  question  often  heard 
during  the  past  four  years;  and,  in  evidence  of 
lack  of  appreciation,  I  think  it  can  be  paralleled 
only  by  the  query  of  a  Representative,  sitting  in 
the  fifth  division  in  1894,  when  it  was  proposed 
to  do  away  with  the  legal  features  of  Fast  Day 
and  to  substitute  therefor  the  19th  of  April.  It 
was  then  that  this  citizen,  Representative  of  our 
Commonwealth,  in  deep  distress  over  the  loss 
of  a  day  which  he  had  never  observed,  cried 
out,  "  And  what  ever  happened  on  the  19th  of 
April?"  If  to  those  who  are  familiar  with  the 
story  of  our  State  House  it  seems  trite  and  unin- 
teresting, it  is  not  so  to  many  who  come  to  us 
from  abroad.  "When,  in  1895,  the  Knights  Tem- 
plars of  America  assembled  in  Boston,  one  of  the 
Sir  Knights  climbed  Beacon  Hill,  filled  with  a 
desire  to  look  upon  scenes  that  carry  the  observer 
back  to  the  days  of  the  Adamses  and  Webster. 
When  he  found  the  gates  and  approaches  closed, 
and  "  No  Admission  "  greeted  his  gaze,  it  was  no 


26  THE  BULFINCH  STATE  HOUSE. 

consolation  to  him  to  learn  that  the  extension  was 
open.      In   forcible   if   not   elegant   language   he 

remarked  that  he  wouldn't  give  a to  see  that 

or  any  new  building ;  "  I  want  to  see  the  room  in 
which  Andrew  worked,  the  hall  where  Webster 
spoke  and  the  chamber  where  Henry  Wilson  pre- 
sided." In  1895,  when  the  fate  of  the  edifice  was 
still  in  the  balance,  a  resident  of  far-away  Chicago 
came  hither  with  a  friend,  who,  I  am  happy  to 
state,  has  had  much  to  do  with  the  preserving  of 
the  structure,  and  with  him  went  over  and  through 
many  of  the  interesting  parts  of  the  building. 
"  And  do  I  understand,"  said  he,  "  that  Massachu- 
setts people  are  going  to  permit  the  destruction  of 
this  Capitol?  If  they  do,  all  I  have  to  say  is  this, 
just  give  us  folks  of  Chicago  a  chance,  and  we 
will  buy  it  and  remove  it,  piece  by  piece,  as  we 
did  Libby  Prison,  and  we  will  put  it  up  in  our 
own  city  as  the  very  choicest  relic  there."  Hap- 
pily the  opportunity  did  not  come  to  the  dwellers 
by  Lake  Michigan  to  taunt  us  with  the  possession 
,of  what  should  be  and  is  one  of  our  most  cher- 
ished heritages.  But  the  battle  for  its  salvation 
was  not  an  easy  one.  On  the  one  side  were 
ranged   selfish  interest,  opportunity  for   still  fur- 


ADDRESS  BY  ALFRED  SEELYE  ROE.  27 

ther  appropriation  of  money,  a  wholly  false  notion 
that  gaudy  colors  and  glittering  tinsel  are  better 
than  that  which  has  withstood  the  test  of  time 
and  which  has  the  impress  of  genuine  genius. 
The  old  was  derided,  the  new  extolled.  Minute 
imperfections  in  the  ancient  were  magnified,  while 
defects  in  the  new  were  ignored.  "  To  be  or  not 
to  be  "  seemed  the  vital  question  during  at  least 
two  sessions  of  the  Legislature.  The  ultimate 
decision  was  deferred  till  the  very  last  moment, 
during  the  session  of  1896,  and  was  finally  made 
in  favor  of  preservation.  "But  carry  out  the 
plans  of  the  special  committee  of  experts  of 
1895,"  said  the  lamented  Greenhalge,  "  and  the 
Bulfinch  front  will  stand  five  hundred  years." 
Acting  on  this  suggestion,  a  bill  was  framed, 
giving  the  direction  of  repairs  into  the  hands  of 
the  Acting  Governor,  since  Governor  of  the  Com- 
monwealth, His  Excellency  Roger  "Wolcott;  the 
President  of  the  Senate,  the  Hon.  George  P. 
Lawrence  of  North  Adams;  and  the  Speaker 
of  the  House,  the  Hon.  George  v.  L.  Meyer  of 
Boston.  The  placing  of  the  work  in  the  care 
of  its  friends  was  wholly  intentional,  and  the 
wisdom   of  the   measure    is    seen   in   the   results. 


28  THE  BULFINCH  STATE  HOUSE. 

After  due  consideration,  the  architects  employed 
were  Charles  A.  Cummings,  Robert  D.  Andrews 
and  Arthur  G.  Everett,  of  whom  the  last  named 
has  attended  personally  to  the  details  of  the 
work.  The  builders  have  been  Messrs.  Wood- 
bury &  Leighton.  Supervisors,  architects  and 
builders  all  vied  with  each  other  in  carrying  out 
the  purposes  of  the  Greenhalge  commission.  And 
how  have  they  succeeded?  They  were  told  that 
the  sum  of  money  asked  for  was  insufficient,  but 
it  has  sufficed  to  restore  and  furnish,  and,  what 
is  stranger  still,  have  a  surplus  to  turn  back  into 

the    treasury.      For    more     than    a    twelvemonth 

» 

these  halls  seemed  a  veritable  land  of  desolation. 
The  walls  were  underpinned;  mezzanine  floors 
were  removed;  a  steel  framework,  from  the 
ground  up,  was  made  to  support  the  new  steel 
roof;  and  in  the  dome  iron  was  made  to  do  the 
work  hitherto  performed  by  wood,  till  at  last 
"  fire-proof ''  was  written  over  all  its  surface, 
within  and  without.  Steadily  the  work  pro- 
gressed, with  no  halting  whatever,  till  the  build- 
ing, as  designed  by  Charles  Bulfinch,  appeared 
in  all  its  original  symmetry  and  beauty.  Never 
had    walls    been    more    severely   tested.      In    the 


ADDRESS  BY  ALFRED  SEELYE  ROE.  29 

introduction  of  chimneys  and  in  the  making  of 
flues  unexpected  strains  were  put  upon  them. 
In  the  effort  to  detect  imperfections  these  same 
walls  had\  been  almost  honeycombed  in  places, 
yet  the  work  of  the  last  century  gloriously  with- 
stood the  assaults  of  both  friend  and  foe,  and  is 
good  for  many  a  year  to  come. 

It  would  be  an  injustice  to  leave  this  part  of 
our  subject  without  reference  to  the  aid  received 
from  outside  sources.  Preserved  in  the  archives 
of  the  Commonwealth  is  probably  one  of  the 
choicest  collections  of  petitions  ever  presented  to 
the  General  Court.  They  came  from  the  State 
of  Maine,  signed  by  the  Governor  of  that  daugh- 
ter of  Massachusetts;  from  Chicago,  bearing  the 
names  of  her  most  distinguished  citizens,  many 
of  them  natives  of  the  Bay  State;  from  the 
State  Board  of  Trade;  from  the  architects  of 
America;  from  labor  organizations;  from  patriotic 
societies,  —  till  their  names  became  legion.  Fan- 
euil  Hall  and  the  Old  South  resounded  with  the 
demand  for  preservation.  As  one  gentleman 
remarked,  there  had  been  nothing  like  it  since 
the  days  of  the  Civil  War.  The  press  of  the 
Commonwealth,  almost  to  a  paper,  supported  the 


30  THE  BULFINCH  STATE   HOUSE. 

proposition.  The  farmers  came  in  as  they  did 
at  Lexington,  till  at  last  one  legislator  surren- 
dered, saying,  "  If  the  people  want  it,  why  let 
them  have  it."  Poetry  was  invoked,  and  a 
rhymster  from  the  Cape  thus  remarked:  — 

44  If  the  Old  State  House  is  out  of  style, 

then  so  is  Funnel  Hall; 
The  Common,  too,  and  Bunker  Hill's  old 

monument  so  tall. 
About  their  looks,  no  matter;  I  know  that 

I'm  just  queer 
Enough  to  be  right  glad  and  proud  to  see 

them  once  a  year." 

The  New  York  "  Sun"  wisely  commented,  "A 

» 

single  scale  of  the  tutelar  codfish  is  worth  a 
hundred  thousand  new  State  Houses." 

But  the  most  valuable  aid  of  all  was  rendered 
by  a  committee  of  ladies,  whose  chairman  was 
Mrs.  Sarah  Lowell  Blake;  the  secretary,  Lucy 
Lowell.  Right  diligently  did  they  labor,  and  all 
who  applaud  the  results  should  unite  in  praise 
of  these  loyal,  tireless  women.  Coming  within  a 
year  of  the  return  of  the  Bradford  manuscript, 
now  awarded  the  post  of  honor  in  our  library, 
this  celebration  of  ours   over   an   original  edifice 


ADDRESS  BY  ALFRED  SEELYE  ROE.  31 

seems  quite  in  place.  Reprints  of  the  manu- 
script, on  the  very  same  lines,  are  soon  to  be 
given  away  by  the  State.  How  should  we  regard 
the  building  itself,  not  an  imitation? 

"What  is  all  this  worth?"  I  seem  to  hear 
some  unconverted  iconoclast  still  inquire.  Have 
you  not  substituted  iron  for  wood,  and  have  you 
not  changed  the  material  of  the  columns  in  Doric 
Hall?  To  such  queries  we  must  answer,  Yes; 
but  no  changes  have  been  made  not  necessitated 
by  the  demands  of  modern  building  and  not 
necessary  to  the  safety  of  the  structure.  No 
one  believes  that  the  famous  hall  of  William 
Rufus,  made  familiar  to  every  school  boy  through 
the  matchless  essay  of  Macaulay  on  the  trial  of 
Warren  Hastings,  is  just  as  that  early  British 
monarch  left  it.  Still,  its  roof  is  the  finest  of 
its  kind  in  existence,  and  he  would  be  a  bold 
Briton  who,  for  a  moment  even,  would  counsel 
its  demolition,  simply  because  it  stands  adjacent 
to  the  later  and  more  showy  Parliament  build- 
ing. Our  State  House,  in  its  record,  connects 
directly  with  that  of  the  still  older  edifice  on 
State  Street,  so  that  for  quite  one  hundred  and 
fifty  years  we  can  see  where  the  laws  of  Massa- 


32  THE  BULFINCH  STATE   HOUSE. 

chusetts  have  been  made.  This  Capitol  is  one 
of  the  very  few  still  standing  in  America  that 
p  point  to  the  story  of  a  century.  Connecticut 
erected  a  new  and  magnificent  structure  in  Hart- 
ford, but  she  did  not  tear  down  the  old  one. 
That  still  does  duty  in  the  very  heart  of  that 
beautiful  city.  Rhode  Island  is  laying  out  a 
large  sum  of  money  on  a  building  which  shall 
take  the  place  of  the  two  Capitols  now  standing 
in  Providence  and  Newport;  and  in  answer  to 
a  query  as  to  the  probable  disposition  of  the 
old  structure  in  the  former  city,  a  gentleman 
long  the  Secretary  of  State  in  Rhode  Island 
replied  as  follows :  — 

Providence,  R.  I.,  April  28,  1898. 

My  Dear  Senator:  —  Our  present  State  House 
was  erected  in  1762  or  thereabouts.  The  new 
structure  is  going  up  in  a  different  locality,  and 
will  not  probably  be  completed  for  some  years. 
Meanwhile,  the  old  edifice  is  being  used.  What 
will  be  done  with  it  has  not  been  decided.  In  fact, 
so  far  as  I  know,  that  matter  has  not  been  dis- 
cussed. There  is  no  doubt,  I  think,  that  it  will  be 
preserved  for  some  purpose,  unless  fire  disposes  of 
it  meanwhile.  A  special  Providence  seems  to  have 
saved  the  old  building  and  its  precious  contents. 

Sincerely  yours, 

J.  M.  Addeman. 


ADDRESS  BY  ALFRED  SEELYE  ROE.  33 

Whoever  has  seen  the  stately  Capitol  of  Mary- 
land, in  the  city  of  Annapolis,  will  readily  recall 
its  graceful  proportions;  so,  when  there  appeared 
a  settled  purpose  to  destroy  our  even  grander 
and  more  dignified  structure,  "  My  Maryland " 
was  addressed,  that  we  might  know  what  was 
the  popular  feeling  there  as  to  the  retention  of 
so  aged  a  State  House,  built  before  the  Revolu- 
tion, and  the  Secretary  of  State  was  pleased  to 
answer :  —  » 

STATE  OF  MARYLAND. 

Office  of  Secretary  of  State, 

Annapolis,  April  29,  1896. 
Mr.  Alfred  S.  Roe,  Boston,  Mass. 

Dear  Sir:  —  Replying  to  your  favor  of  the 
27th  inst.,  referring  to  your  efforts  for  the  pres- 
ervation of  the  old  State  House  at  Boston,  I 
would  say  that  the  public  feeling  in  this  locality 
is  strongly  in  favor  of  the  preservation  of  the 
old  buildings  around  which  so  many  historical 
recollections  cluster. 

The  proposition  is  already  being  strongly  urged 
for  the  restoration  of  the  Senate  Chamber  in  our 
State  House  to  the  condition  in  which  it  was  at  the 
time  Washington  resigned  his  commission. 

I  trust  you  will  be  entirely  successful  in  your 
efforts  for  the  preservation  of  your  State  House  at 
Boston.  Very  truly  yours, 

Richard  Baltam, 

Secretary  of  State. 


34  THE  BULFINCH  STATE   HOUSE. 

The  pride  of  the  citizens  of  the  Old  Dominion, 
in  whatever  pertains  to  her  borders,  is  well  un- 
derstood, by  Americans  at  least;  so,  though  a 
serious  accident  soon  after  the  war  had  precipi- 
tated a  crowded  room  of  the  Capitol  with  its 
occupants  into  the  floor  beneath,  and  though 
many  lives  were  lost  in  the  calamity,  yet  to  the 
question  of  the  further  maintenance  of  the  build- 
ing the  following  answer  speedily  came :  — 

The  State  Library,  Richmond,  Va., 
April  30,  1896. 

Dear  Sir  :  —  Our  capitol  was  planned  by  Thomas 
Jefferson,  and  the  model,  by  Clerissault,  sent  by 
Mr.  J.  from  Paris  in  1785,  is  still  preserved  in  this 
library.  The  corner-stone  was  laid  Aug.  18,  1785, 
and  it  was  occupied  by  the  Legislature  Oct.  19, 
1789,  when  not  quite  completed. 

There  is  none  who  clamor  for  its  demolition,  and 
a  riot  would  likely  ensue  were  such  an  effort  made. 
Very  truly,  W.  "W.  Scott, 

State  Librarian. 
A.  S.  Roe,  Esq.,  Boston,  Mass. 

Here,  then,  is  what  those  having  older  Capitols 
than  ours  think  of  their  possessions.  May  we 
not  congratulate  ourselves  that  our  edifice,  still 
intact,  as  it  has  done  for  a  hundred  years,  still 
faces  the  Common  where   brave  Boston  boys,  in 


ADDRESS  BY  ALFRED  SEELYE  ROE.  35 

General  Gage's  time,  persisted  in  coasting,  and 
that  the  dome  still  greets  the  rising  sun  and  is 
yet  the  cynosure  of  Massachusetts?  These  are 
the  very  walls  that  in  1861  and  1865  stood  back 
of  John  A.  Andrew  when  he  reviewed  brave  sons 
of  the  Commonwealth  as  they  passed  on  to  do  and 
dare,  and  die  if  need  be.  Down  upon  the  Com- 
mon yonder  is  the  towering  shaft  that  Boston 
has  erected  to  the  memory  of  her  soldiers,  and 
thereon  we  see  the  front  of  this  very  structure, 
the  same  one  that  prompted  the  hand  of  the 
sculptor,  not  one  reared  on  the  delusive  scheme 
of  similar  lines.  Opposite  is  the  finest  specimen 
of  memorial  art  in  America.1  It  commemorates 
a  scene  in  front  of  this  edifice  on  a  beautiful 
morning  in  May,  1863.  There  was  not  an  unoc- 
cupied inch  of  standing  room  anywhere  on  Bea- 
con Hill.  Was  not  the  Bay  State,  ever  foremost, 
sending  to  the  front  the  first  regiment  of  colored 
soldiers  raised  in  a  free  State,  and  why  should 
not  humanity  stand  agog?  How  proud  they 
seemed,  those  black  men  by  Harvard  College 
graduate  led.     Blood  then  quick  and  exultant  in 


»  The  memorial  to  Robert  Gould  Shaw  and  the  Fifty-fourth  Massachusetts 
Regiment,  by  St.  Gaudens;  dedicated  May  31,  1897. 


36  THE  BULFINCH  STATE   HOUSE. 

a  few  brief  months  was  to  stiffen  in  a  mingled 
clot  of  black  and  white  'neath  the  guns  of  grim 
Fort  Wagner;  but  these  walls  heard  the  meas- 
ured cadence  of  those  feet  that  marched  on  to 
death  and  immortality,  and  these  same  century- 
old  bricks  echoed  back  the  drum  beats  of  that 
glorious  host.  The  nation  was  just  a  half  cen- 
tury old  when,  before  this  Capitol,  was  formed 
the  procession  which,  Aug.  2,  1826,  marched  to 
Faneuil  Hall  to  hear  Daniel  Webster  descant  on 
the  worth  of  John  Adams,  who  had  passed  to 
his  reward  on  the  preceding  Fourth  of  July. 
Said  an  officer  of  high  rank,  in  the  Rebellion: 
"  I  cannot  think  of  the  destruction  of  the  Bul- 
flnch  State  House  without  feelings  of  the  utmost 
sadness,  for  there  I  and  all  my  associates  received 
our  commissions.  We  went  up  those  very  steps, 
and  we  don't  want  a  stone  or  a  brick  disturbed." 
In  Doric  Hall  many  of  the  flags  of  the  State 
and  nation  were  presented  by  the  war  Governor, 
and  into  the  keeping  of  the  State,  through  that 
same  Executive,  they  were  there  returned,  or 
rather  what  was  left  of  them,  after  the  terrible 
story  of  war  was  told. 

Still,  "  No  history "  is    shouted  by  an  irrecon- 


ADDRESS  BY  ALFRED  SEELYE   ROE.  37 

cilable,  to  whom  incidents  must  have  the  gloss 
of  at  least  a  century  to  make  them  worthy  of 
any  consideration,  forgetting  that  a  similar  spirit 
would  have  destroyed  the  Old  South  and  Fan- 
euil  Hall  long  before  their  exceeding  merit  had 
dawned  upon  our  people,  and  that  the  genera- 
tions of  the  future  are  to  regard  the  scenes  and 
deeds  of  the  War  of  the  Rebellion  much  as  we 
esteem  those  of  the  Revolution.  This  whole 
building  is  fragrant  with  memories  of  the  days 
when  Massachusetts  was  ready,  thanks  to  the 
energy  and  foresight  of  Nathaniel  P.  Banks  and 
the  equal  energy  and  determination  of  John  A. 
Andrew.  It  was  no  half-hearted  support  of  war 
measures  that  the  Commonwealth  gave.  From 
first  to  last  she  was,  if  anything,  a  little  ahead 
of  Washington  in  the  urging  of  decisive  action. 
A  merchant  of  Boston  is  said  to  have  been  sum- 
moned to  the  State  House  in  1862,  when  Union 
arms  were  not  winning  distinguished  victories, 
and  on  his  arrival  he  found  Governor  Andrew 
in  the  Council  Chamber  signing  bonds,  and  his 
greeting  to  his  visitor  was  to  the  effect  that 
he,  the  merchant,  must  go  to  Washington.  To 
his  objection  that  he    could   not   leave    his    busi- 


38  THE   BULFINCH  STATE  HOUSE. 

>*       ■  -—  ■  ■■  ■  .■■■■■-.  ._ 

ness,  the  Governor  finally  said,  "  I  command  you 
to  go."  "  Oh,  well,  then,  if  you  put  it  that 
way  I  shall  have  to  go."  "  Do  you  believe  in 
prayer?"  said  the  Governor.  "Certainly,"  was 
the  answer.  "  Then  let  us  pray,"  said  John  A. 
Andrew,  and  kneeling  there,  in  that  chamber,  he 
poured  out  his  soul  to  God.  To  quote  the  mer- 
chant, "I  was  never  so  near  the  throne  of  God, 
except  when  my  mother  died,  as  I  was  then." 
His  errand  was  to  try  to  prevail  on  those  in 
authority  in  Washington  to  free  the  slaves,  as  a 
needed  war  measure.  After  telling  his  story  to 
President  Lincoln,  the  latter  said,  "When  we 
have  the  Governor  of  Massachusetts  to  send  us 
troops  in  the  way  he  has,  and  when  we  have  him 
utter  such  prayers  for  us  I  have  no  doubt  that 
we  shall  succeed."  The  Emancipation  Proclama- 
tion came  in  September,  and  again  the  merchant 
was  sent  for.  The  scene  was  changed.  It  was 
no  longer  praying,  for  prayer  had  been  answered, 
and  they  were  notes  of  thanksgiving  and  praise 
that  ascended  from  that  Council  Chamber,  —  a 
scene  that  should  hallow  it  forever.  Together 
Governor  and  merchant  lifted  up  their  voices  in 
"  Coronation "  and   "  Praise  God,  from  whom  all 


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ADDRESS  BY  ALFRED  SEELYE  ROE.  39 

blessings  flow,"  and  closed  with  a  march  around 
the  room  to  the  words  of  "John  Brown's  body 
lies  a  mouldering  in  the  grave,  but  his  soul  is 
marching  on."  If  many  thousands  of  visitors 
annually  climb  the  stairs  of  a  hall  in  Lincoln 
College,  Oxford,  to  see  and  stand  where  met  the 
Holy  Club  of  the  Wesleys  and  Whitfield,  may 
we  not  expect,  in  the  years  to  come,  that  tour- 
ists, black  and  white,  shall  ask  of  the  keepers 
here,  "Where  is  the  place  in  which  the  great 
war  Governor  prayed  and  sang  on  account  of 
the  enslaved  African?" 

All  but  three  of  the  governors  of  the  Com- 
monwealth under  the  Constitution  have  wrought 
within  yonder  chamber.  Not  including  those 
who  served  as  acting  Governors,  the  number  is 
thirty-two.  Hancock,  Bowdoin  and  Adams  had 
passed  out  of  office  or  life  before  this  day,  a  cen- 
tury since;  but  could  we  recall  all  that  the  sub- 
sequent Executives  have  done  in  their  chamber, 
we  should  have  the  story  of  the  political  history 
of  Massachusetts  well  in  hand.  Sumner,  Sullivan 
and  Bustis  died  in  office.  Caleb  Strong  came 
to  his  position  after  his  service  in  the  United 
States    Senate.      Elbridge    Gerry  went   hence   to 


40  THE  BULFINCH  STATE   HOUSE. 

the  vice-presidency  of  the  nation.  Brave  old 
John  Brooks,  in  his  uniform,  as  his  figure  hangs 
on  the  walls  of  the  old  Senate  Chamber,  re- 
calls his  career  as  a  soldier  during  the  Revolu- 
tion. William  Eustis  was  the  last  of  the  Revo- 
lutionary veterans  to  sit  in  the  Executive  chair. 
He  entertained  Lafayette  on  his  first  visit  to 
Boston,  but  the  old  physician  and  Governor  had 
passed  away  in  February  before  the  French  pa- 
triot came  to  the  corner-stone  laying  on  Bunker 
Hill  in  June,  1825.  Then  follow  the  nine  years 
of  Levi  Lincoln,  the  longest  consecutive  record  in 
our  list,  followed  by  honest  John  Davis  and  the 
courtly,  eloquent  Everett.  Marcus  Morton  and 
George  N".  Briggs  only  intervened  before  we 
come  to  George  S.  Boutwell,  the  youngest  man 
ever  elected  to  the  office,  and  the  senior  surviv- 
ing Governor.  George  N.  Briggs  was  the  only 
Executive  furnished  by  Berkshire,  but,  aside  from 
his  individual  merit,  the  fame  given  him  as  "  Gov- 
ernor B."  in  the  "  Biglow  Papers  "  would  assure 
him  permanent  honor.  Ex-Governor  Boutwell's 
personal  experiences  in  this  State  House  go 
back  fully  one-half  of  the  period  of  its  existence. 
His  life  has  been  well  woven   into   the  fabric  of 


GEORGE   S.  BOUTWELL 


ADDRESS  BY  ALFRED   SEELYE   ROE.  41 

State  and  nation.1  We  must  pass  over  eighteen 
years  before  coming  to  another  surviving  Chief 
Magistrate,  William  Claflin,  one  of  the  few  busi- 
ness men  thus  promoted.  In  so  doing  we  see 
John  H.  Clifford,  Emory  Washburn,  Henry 
Gardner  of  Know-nothing  fame,  N.  P.  Banks, 
John  A.  Andrew  and  Alexander  H.  Bullock, 
one  of  the  most  polished  gentlemen  who  ever 
held  the  office.  Following  Governor  Claflin 
came  William  B.  Washburn,  who  resigned  to 
enter  the  United  States  Senate,  and  Thomas 
Talbot  filled  out  the  unexpired  term.  Then 
came  a  single  year  of  William  Gaston,  then 
Alexander  H.  Rice;  and  some  of  us  will  never 
forget  the  affecting  words  of  the  aged  man  as 
he  appeared  before  a  committee  with  reference 
to  the  preservation  of  this  very  edifice.  "  I  was 
but  a  boy,"  said  he,  "  when  my  eyes  first  rested 
on  the  distant  dome,  and  never  from  that  day  to 
this  have  I  failed  to  admire  its  proportions  and 
to  revere  what  it  and  the  building  beneath  stand 
for.      I   pray   you   let   no   harm    come    upon  it." 

>  George  S.  Boutwell  was  born  Jan.  28,  1818.  It  is  a  remarkable  fact  that  six 
other  governors  of  the  Commonwealth  were  born  in  the  same  year.  In  the  order 
of  their  executive  service  their  names  are  ;  Henry  J.  Gardner,  John  A.  Andrew, 
William  Claflin,  Alexander  H.  Rice,  Thomas  Talbot  and  Benjamin  F.  Butler. 
Boutwell  and  Claflin  are  the  only  survivors . 


42  THE  BULFINCH  STATE   HOUSE. 

Tears  were  in  his  eyes  and  a  tremor  in  his  voice 
as  he  spoke  these  words.  Then  followed  Thomas 
Talbot  and  John  D.  Long.  The  year  of  varied 
action  under  Gen.  Benjamin  F.  Butler  will  not 
soon  be  forgotten.  George  D.  Robinson  suc- 
ceeded, with  Oliver  Ames  and  John  Q.  A. 
Brackett  in  order.  Many  here  can  still  see  the 
scholarly  face  of  William  E.  Russell,  recall  his 
gentle  voice,  the  characteristic  smile;  and  with 
sadness  we  follow  him  down  to  the  wilds  of 
Quebec,  on  the  Little  Pabos  River,  there,  eight 
hundred  miles  from  his  home  and  kindred,  to  fall 
upon  the  sleep  that  knows  no  waking.  Then 
came  Frederic  T.  Greenhalge,  and  he  was  the 
last  Governor  to  occupy  the  chamber  before  the 
renovation.  His  successor,  our  own  Gov.  Roger 
Wolcott,  leads  the  procession  back  to  the  haunts 
of  old. 

The  Council  Chamber,  could  it  reveal  its 
secrets,  would  furnish  material  for  many  a  dis- 
course; but  its  sittings  are  not  for  the  public 
eye  nor  ear.  Suffice  it  to  say  that  the  names  of 
many  men,  tried  and  true,  have  been  found  upon 
its  records,  and  the  Commonwealth  is  not  yet 
ready  to    dispense  with   the    Governor's  Council. 


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ADDRESS  BY  ALFRED   SEELYE  ROE.  43 

The  Green  Room,  a  creation  after  Bulfinch's 
day,  is  now  a  memory.  Tewksbury  investigation, 
woman  suffrage  hearings  and  Meigs  elevated 
railroad  schemes  are  all  inextricably  blended  in 
its  associations.  A  like  fate  has  befallen  the 
Blue  Room,  on  the  east  side,  over  the  old  Senate 
Chamber.  It,  too,  was  a  necessity,  worked  in  to 
give  space  for  the  many  committees,  but  was  no 
part  of  the  plans  of  the  original  architect.  In 
the  revision,  or,  better,  the  return,  it  has  no  place. 
The  little  better  than  holes  in  the  wall,  into  which 
committees  were  of  necessity  crowded,  in  the 
revived  building  are  not  found;  rather  there  is 
an  effort  to  replace  the  partitions  and  rooms  as 
they  were  originally. 

If  noteworthy  omissions  are  found  in  various 
parts  of  the  edifice,  we  may'  congratulate  our- 
selves that  the  beautiful  Senate  Chamber  remains 
intact.  Few  rooms  have  ever  secured  warmer 
words  of  commendation  than  this,  in  which  for 
ninety-nine  years  the  Senate  of  the  Common- 
wealth had  its  sittings.  Said  a  distinguished 
Frenchman,  to  whom  the  architecture  of  the  old 
world  was  familiar,  "  Here  is  something  beauti- 
ful," and  strangely  wanting  in  appreciation  must 


44  THE  BULFINCH  STATE   HOUSE. 

be  that  soul  which  is  not  elevated  at  the  sight 
of  the  simple  yet  perfect  adornments  of  this 
chamber.  Rufus  Choate  called  it  the  finest  leg- 
islative room  in  the  world.  In  the  olden  times 
there  were  fireplaces  on  the  east  side,  and  upon 
one  mantle-piece  might  be  found  a  box  of  snuff 
for  popular  use;  upon  the  other,  a  generous  col- 
lection of  camomile  flowers  for  the  comfort  of 
honorable  senators. 

Barring  the  few  weeks  spent  by  the  Senate 
at  the  beginning  of  the  session  of  1895  in  the 
quarters  subsequently  occupied  by  the  Governor 
and  Council  in  the  extension,  the  Massachusetts 
Senate  was  found  in  this  room  during  the  ses- 
sions of  the  Legislature  till  June  10,  1896. 
There  are  in  this  chamber  to-day  men  whose 
fortune  it  has  been  to  sit  as  Representatives 
here  when  the  room  was  known  as  Representa- 
tives' Hall.  It  was  theirs  to  assist  in  the  inau- 
guration of  the  new  hall  in  the  later  building. 
The  following  year  they  formed  a  part  of  the 
valedictory  session  in  the  old  Senate  Chamber, 
whence  they  went  in  1897  to  the  temporary 
room,  ingeniously  fashioned  out  of  what  is  to  be 
the  gallery  of  the  Memorial  Hall,  a  place  already 


SAMUEL    PHILLIPS. 


ADDRESS  BY  ALFRED   SEELYE  ROE.  45 

destroyed,  so  that  no  man  may  see  just  where 
we  met  for  the  sittings  of  that  year,  and  then 
they  come  back  to  this  old  hall,  hereafter  to  be 
known  as  the  Senate  Chamber.  Truly  they  have 
known  the  State  House  during  its  transitional 
period. 

For  the  nonce,  however,  let  us  fancy  ourselves 
in  the  old  chamber,  hallowed  by  its  century  of 
associations,  and  see,  if  we  can,  the  room  as  it 
must  have  appeared  when,  headed  by  Samuel 
Phillips,  the  Senators  of  1798  filed  into  their 
new  positions.  Powdered  hair,  cues  with  eel- 
skin  ties,  gaudy  waistcoats  and  knee  breeches, 
all  terminating  in  enormous  silver  shoe  buckles, 
were  then  quite  in  vogue.  The  President1  was 
a  gentleman  of  the  old  school,  of  the  same  stock 
which  gave  us  so  many  distinguished  men,  him- 
self the  benefactor  and  organizer  of  the  famous 
Phillips  Academy  at  Andover.     For  fifteen  years 


1  Samuel  Phillips,  the  fifth  Samuel  in  the  direct  descent  from  the  Rev.  George 
Phillips  of  Watertown,  was  born  in  Andover,  Feb  5,  1752.  He  died  there,  Feb. 
10,  1802.  Graduated  from  Harvard  in  1771,  he  was  early  drawn  to  the  patriot 
cause  during  the  Revolution,  and  for  twenty  years  was  a  member  of  the  Senate. 
He  was  a  judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas,  1781-89,  and  was  Lieutenant- 
Governor  when  he  died.  He  will  ever  be  remembered  for  his  distinguished  ser- 
vices to  the  cause  of  education,  for  it  was  through  his  prompting  that  his  father, 
Samuel,  and  his  uncle,  John,  respectively,  gave  their  fortunes  to  found  the  acad- 
emies in  Andover  and  Exeter,  N.  H.  His  wisdom  directed  what  they  gave  and 
he  was  himself  a  liberal  giver  to  the  same  cause. 


46  THE  BULFINCH  STATE   HOUSE. 

he  presided  over  the  Senate,  by  far  the  longest 
term  ever  accorded  to  any  one  man,  the  nearest 
approach  being  the  career  of  his  relative,  John 
Phillips,1  who  wielded  the  gavel  ten  years,  or 
from  1813  to  1823,  inclusive.  The  latter  was  the 
first  mayor  of  Boston.  From  the  list  of  Senate 
Presidents  it  is  interesting  to  note  that  Harrison 
Gray  Otis,  Nathaniel  Silsbee  and  Henry  Wilson 
became  United  States  Senators,  the  latter  Vice- 
President.  The  position  can  hardly  be  called  a 
stepping  stone  to  the  governorship,  since  only  one 
presiding  officer,  William  Claflin,  was  thus  pro- 
moted. We  may  add  the  name  of  Samuel  Adams, 
but  he  never  presided  in  this  building,  his  term 
being  in  the  older  structure  of  State  Street. 
From  Samuel  Phillips  to  George  B.  Smith,  both 
inclusive,  fifty-two  men  have  presided  in  this 
edifice,  though  the  latter  not  in  the  old  cham- 
ber. During  these  years,  under  the  Constitution, 
nearly  two  thousand  men  have  had  the  right  to 
prefix  Honorable  to   their  names  through  service 


1  John  Phillips  was  born  in  Boston,  Nov.  26,  1770,  and  died  there,  May  23, 
1823.  He  was  graduated  from  Harvard  in  1788,  and  became  a  lawyer.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  Senate  nineteen  years,  dying  in  office.  As  the  father  of  Wen- 
dell Phillips,  he  is  entitled  to  enduring  fame. 


fY>.'-.:  > 

8S*'<^n,-'«j&S'^v:,j' 

KS&'- '    '*•■••'-"  **5aii 

1 

E^ 

^■L 

si 

V 

•f<$~!':  *»^  '*' 

'■  ^B 

»Wju*" ' t':^  ^  ^c^^&i 

.,-,  ^-/+:J. 

JOHN    PHILLIPS. 


ADDRESS  BY  ALFRED  SEELYE  ROE.  47 

as  Senators.  In  the  earlier  times  it  was  common 
for  men  to  be  elected  to  both  branches  at  the 
same  time,  and  they  could  then  take  their  choice. 
In  those  days  mails  were  slow,  and  one  man, 
coming  down  from  the  western  part  of  the 
State,  presented  his  certificate  of  election  to 
the  House,  was  sworn  in  and  assigned  a  seat. 
Later  came  delayed  credentials  as  a  Senator-elect, 
whereupon  he  presented  the  same,  and  claimed 
the  privilege  of  being  sworn  in.  A  debate,  last- 
ing two  days,  followed  as  to  whether  he  could 
be  sworn  in  twice  in  the  same  session;  and  the 
decision  was  against  him,  it  being  ruled  that  he 
had  already  made  his  selection  when  he  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  House.  To  look  through  the  list 
of  Senators  during  these  years  would  be  to  read 
the  names  of  some  of  the  most  distinguished  men 
who  have  claimed  Massachusetts  as  their  home. 
The  Adamses,  Sam.,  John  Quincy  and  Charles 
Francis,  were  here;  Charles  Allen,  of  Free  Soil 
Party  fame ;  "  Billy "  Gray,  the  merchant  prince 
of  Salem;  Samuel  Hoar  and  his  two  sons,  George 
F.  and  E.  Rockwood;  Peter  Bryant,  the  father 
of  the    poet;    Burlingame,    Choate,    Butler;    the 


48  THE  BULFINCH  STATE  HOUSE. 


Lincolns,  father  and  son;  and  a  host  of  others 
whose  names  have  been  sounded  far  by  the 
trump  of  Fame. 

The  necessity  of  a  Senate  as  well  as  a  Board 
of  Aldermen  in  our  cities  has  long  been  a  mooted 
question.  In  the  early  days  of  our  nation  the 
matter  was  debated  before  General  "Washington 
while  he  was  dining  with  several  men  of  note, 
he  taking  the  position  that  the  upper  branch 
was  a  desirable  feature  in  legislation.  "  But  what 
good  does  it  do,  any  way?"  queries  the  doubter 
as  to  its  utility.  Says  the  First  President,  "  I 
observe  that  you  pour  your  tea  from  the  cup 
into  the  saucer  before  drinking.  Why  do  you 
do  that?"  "To  cool  it,  of  course,"  was  the  ready 
and  reasonable  reply.  "  That  is  just  the  reason 
that  I  advocate  a  Senate,"  was  the  General's  state- 
ment; "much  of  our  legislation  needs  a  deal  of 
cooling."  It  is  well  known  that  for  many  years 
the  Senate  has  been  stigmatized  by  some  mem- 
bers of  the  House,  when  in  a  petulant  mood,  as 
a  "graveyard  of  House  bills."  Perhaps  no  more 
bills  proportionally  fail  in  the  Senate  than  in  the 
House,  for  so  many  more  are  reported  in  the 
latter  place;  but  when  the   smoke  of   action  has 


ADDRESS  BY  ALFRED  SEELYE   ROE.  49 

cleared  away,  there  are  few  who  do  not  agree 
that  second  consideration  in  either  House  is  likely 
to  be  a  cooling  one  and  the  public  is  the  better 
for  the  process.  At  the  dinner  given  to  Stephen 
N.  Gifford,  March  10,  1882,  after  twenty-five 
consecutive  years  of  service  as  clerk  of  the 
Senate,  Ex-Gov.  and  Gen.  N.  P.  Banks  uttered 
these  words :  "  I  take  pleasure  in  saying  that, 
with  regard  to  the  variety  of  the  interests  dis- 
cussed, the  novelty  of  questions,  the  power 
brought  into  the  discussion  of  these  questions 
in  the  Senate  of  Massachusetts,  where  in  1874 
I  was  a  member,  I  would  be  better  pleased  to 
have  preserved  my  record  in  that  session  than 
any  other  part  of  my  life." 

The  primordial  cell  has  long  been  the  subject 
of  quest  by  scientists.  Everything  has  a  begin- 
ning, but  that  prime  cause  is  oftentimes  more  a 
source  of  wonder  than  the  result.  Massachusetts 
freemen  from  the  onset  either  spoke  for  them- 
selves or  through  their  representatives.'  Two 
classes  of  legislators  appear  to  have  had  a  being, 
but  they  voted  together  and  had  no  negative  upon 
each  other  till  1643,  when  a  final  separation  came, 
as  the  result   of    so  insignificant   an    affair  as    a 


50  THE  BULFINCH  STATE   HOUSE. 

quarrel  over  a  specimen  of  the  genus  sus,  —  in 
other  words,  a  sow.  Winthrop,  in  his  history  of 
New  England,  says :  "  At  the  same  general  court 
there  fell  out  a  great  business  upon  a  very  small 
occasion.  Anno,  1636,  there  was  a  stray  sow  in 
Boston  which  was  brought  to  Captain  Keayne, 
he  had  it  cried  divers  times,  and  divers  came  to 
see  it,  but  none  made  claim  to  it  for  near  a 
year.  He  kept  it  in  his  yard  with  a  sow  of  his 
own.  Afterwards  one  Sherman's  wife,  having 
lost  such  a  sow,  laid  claim  to  it,  but  came  not 
to  see  it,  till  Captain  Keayne  had  killed  his  own 
sow.  The  noyse  hereof  being  spread  about  the 
town,  the  matter  was  brought  before  the  elders 
of  the  churches,  a  case  of  offence;  many  wit- 
nesses were  examined  and  Captain  Keayne  was 
cleared."  It  appears  that,  not  satisfied  with  the 
verdict,  Mrs.  Sherman,  instigated  thereto  by  one 
George  Story,  a  somewhat  irresponsible  char- 
acter, carried  the  matter  before  the  inferior  court 
then  sitting  in  Boston,  where,  after  a  full  hear- 
ing, the  captain  was  again  cleared,  and  three 
pounds  for  costs  were  awarded  by  the  court. 
Whereupon  the  captain  brought  suit  against 
Mrs.  Sherman  and  Story  for  twenty  pounds  dam- 


ADDRESS  BY  ALFRED   SEELYE   ROE.  51 

ages,  on  account  of  the  report  circulated  by  them 
that  he  had  stolen  the  sow,  and  recovered.  Next 
the  matter  gets  into  the  General  Court,  where 
for  the  better  part  of  seven  days  it  occupies  the 
attention  of  the  Solons  of  that  remote  period. 
The  issue  of  this  tempest  in  a  teapot  was  the 
adoption,  March  7, 1643-44,  of  a  resolution  empow- 
ering the  separate  sittings  of  the  two  branches 
and  their  independent  voting,  along  with  the 
necessity  of  concurrent  action  to  warrant  the 
enactment  of  a  law. 

The  Constitution  under  which  we  still  act 
provided  for  the  election  of  forty  Senators,  from 
stated  districts;  but  at  the  start  there  was  a 
queer  provision,  that  from  this  number  there 
should  be  chosen,  by  the  Senators  and  Represent- 
atives meeting  in  the  same  room,  nine  Council- 
lors, not  more  than  two  of  whom  should  come 
from  the  same  senatorial  district.  The  districts 
were  re-arranged  from  time  to  time  by  the  Gen- 
eral Court,  the  number  of  Senators  depending  on 
the  amount  of  taxable  property  within  the  dis- 
trict. This  qualification  disappeared  by  amend- 
ment in  1840.  After  the  Councillors  were  elected, 
there  were  left  only  thirty-one  Senators,  and  ere 


52  THE   BULFINCH   STATE    HOUSE. 

long  the  gentlemen  elected  to  the  Honorable 
Council  were  wont  to  decline  the  honor,  thus 
necessitating  their  selection  from  the  outside, 
and  the  Senate  retained  a  larger  number.  With 
the  disappearance  of  the  property  qualification 
came  the  election  of  Senators  by  the  system  in 
vogue  to-day. 

Eighteen  different  men  have  been  clerks  of 
this  body,  the  longest  term  of  service  having 
been  that  rendered  by  Stephen  ."ST.  Gifford,  who 
died  Avhile  serving  his  twenty-eighth  term.1 
Henry  D.  Coolidge  has  been  the  efficient  officer 
since  1889. 

Many  Senators  of  these  later  days  would 
think  our  references  incomplete  were  no  men- 
tion made  of  the  venerable  gentleman  who  for 
so  many  years  has  opened  our  sessions  with 
prayer.  Formerly  a  Senator,  1869  and  1870, 
the  Rev.  Edmund  Dowse  became  our  chaplain 
in    1880.       Born    in    1813,    it    may    be    doubted 

1  Stephen  Nye  Gifford  was  born  in  Pembroke,  July  21,  1815.  His  early 
advantages  were  limited,  but  he  secured  a  fair  education  at  the  academies  of 
Hanson  and  Bridgewater.  For  several  years  he  was  a  teacher.  In  1850  he  rep- 
resented Duxbury  in  the  General  Court.  During  1851  he  was  a  Boston  custom 
house  inspector.  He  served  as  assistant  clerk  of  the  Senate  in  1854 ;  had  a  sim- 
ilar place  in  the  House  during  the  following  year.  During  that  year  he  was 
chosen  auditor  by  the  Legislature.  Again  in  1857  he  was  assistant  clerk  of  the 
House.  In  1858  he  began  his  long  term  of  service  in  the  Senate,  ending  only 
with  his  death,  April  18,  1886. 


STEPHEN    N.  GIFFORD. 


HENRY    D.  COOLIDGE. 


EDMUND    DOWSE. 


ADDRESS  BY  ALFRED  SEELYE  ROE. 


53 


whether    any    chaplain    in    any    State    can    show 
a  better  record  at  the   same  venerable   age.1 

Of  course  the  thread  of  legislation  has  run 
more  or  less  evenly  during  these  many  years. 
There  have  been  acerbities  and  amenities,  and 
occasionally  the  repose  of  the  day  has  been 
varied  by  unexpected  episodes.  Visitors  of  note 
have   had    their    introduction    and   greetings    and 


1  Rev.  Edmund  Dowse  was  born  in  Sherborn,  Sept.  17,  1813.  He  was  grad- 
uated from  Amherst  College  in  1836.  He  was  ordained  and  installed  pastor  of 
Pilgrim  Congregational  Church  in  his  native  town  in  1838,  and  there  he  is  to-day, 
probably  the  longest  settled  pastor  in  the  Commonwealth.  During  all  this  time 
he  has  had  no  associate  in  the  pastorate,  and,  in  addition  to  clerical  duties,  he 
has  been  a  member  of  the  school  committee  as  well.  In  1886  his  alma  mater 
honored  him  with  the  title  of  Doctor  of  Divinity. 

In  this  connection,  it  will  not  be  amiss  to  name  those  who  have  preceded  Dr. 
Dowse  in  his  office.  Nearly  every  name  is  a  noted  one,  and  worthy  of  pages  of 
praise ;  but  the  list  can  include  only  names  and  dates  :  — 


1  Samuel  Cooper,  1780,  1783;  dying 

in  office,  he  was  succeeded,  the 
same  year,  by  Joseph  Eckley. 

2  John  Clark,  1781. 

3  Joseph  Eckley,  1782-1784. 

4  Peter  Thacher,  1785-1789,  1792- 

1802. 

5  Samuel  Stillman,  1790. 

6  Jeremy  Belknap,  1791. 

7  William  Emerson,  1803-1806. 

8  Thomas  Baldwin,  1807, 1811,  1812. 

9  Joseph  S.  Buckminster,  1808-1810. 

10  John  Lothrop,  1813-1815. 

11  Francis  Parkman,  1816,  1817. 

12  Henry  Ware,  Jr.,  1818. 

13  John  G.  Palfrey,  1819, 1820. 

14  John  Pierpont,  1821. 

15  James  Walker,  1822,  1823. 

16  Daniel  Sharp,  1824. 

17  Samuel  Barrett,  1825. 

18  Francis  Wayland,  1826. 

19  William  Jenks,  1827, 1828. 


20  Ralph  Waldo  Emerson,  1829. 

21  Howard  Malcolm,  1830. 

22  Alonzo  Potter,  1831. 

23  F.  W.  P.  Greenwood,  1832, 1836. 

24  George  W.  Blagden,  1833. 

25  Chandler  Robbins,  1834. 

26  Hubbard  Winslow,  1835. 

27  Nehemiah  Adams,  1837. 

28  Ralph  Sanger,  1838. 

29  Wm.  M.  Roberts,  1839. 

30  Daniel  M.  Lord,  1840. 

31  Thomas  M.  Clark,  Jr.,  1841. 

32  Joseph  H.  Towne,  1842. 

33  Wm.  M.  Rogers,  1843. 

34  James  F.  Clarke,  1844. 

35  John  T.  Burrill,  1845. 

36  Amos  Smith,  1846. 

37  Austin  Phelps,  1847. 

38  Cyrus  A.  Bartol,  1848. 

39  Isaac  P.  Langworthy,  1849. 

40  Jas.  I.  T.  Coolidge,  1850. 

41  Andrew  L.  Stone,  1851. 


54 


THE  BULFINCH  STATE  HOUSE. 


have  gone  hence  with  recollections  of  our  cham- 
ber and  occupants.  One  of  these  scenes  has  a 
particularly  vivid  place  in  the  memories  of  some. 
It  was  April  27,  1896,  the  birthday  of  General 
Grant.  Three  men  were  introduced  to  us.  All 
were  here  on  account  of  Grant's  natal  day.  Two 
are  Senators  of  the  United  States  from  the  west, 
the  third  is  General  James  Longstreet  from 
Georgia,  a  Confederate  leader,  second  to  Robert 
E.  Lee  only.  He  was  one  of  the  few  soldiers 
of  the  lost  cause  who,  when  the  war  was  done, 
not  only  laid  down  their  arms,  but  actually 
ceased  fighting.  To  the  observer,  seeing  only 
the  present,  there  appeared  a  tall  man  with 
somewhat  stooped  shoulders,  whose  blanched 
locks    and    face    told  of   nearly  four-score   years 


42  Warren  Burton,  1852. 

43  J.  S.  D.  Farnsworth,  1853. 

44  A.  H.  Burlingham,  1854. 

45  Lyman  Whiting,  1855. 

46  Daniel  C.  Eddy,  1856. 

47  John  P.  Cleveland,  1857. 

48  Arthur  B.  Fuller,  1858. 

49  Jacob  B.  Manning,  1859. 

50  Joseph  Marsh,  1860. 

51  Alfred  S.  Patton,  1861. 

52  Edward  W.  Clark,  1862, 1863. 

53  Alonzo  A.  Miner,  1864. 


54  George  E.  Ellis,  1865. 

55  James  B.  Miles,  1866. 

56  Charles  E.  Reed,  1867. 

57  Henry  Morgan,  1868. 

58  Edward  N.  Kirk,  1869. 

59  John  0.  Means,  1870. 

60  Samuel  W.  Foljambe,  1871. 

61  Edward  Abbott,  1872,  1873. 

62  Alexis  W.  Ide,  1874. 

63  George  F.  Warren,  1875. 

64  Isaac  Dunham,  1876-1879. 

65  Edmund  Dowse,  1880  to  date. 


Till  railroads  rendered  locomotion  easier,  chaplains  were  sought  in  Boston. 
For  the  first  sixty  years  nearly  or  quite  every  one  was  a  local  clergyman,  and 
since  that  date  they  have  come  from  the  near  regions. 


ADDRESS  BY  ALFRED   SEELYE  ROE.  55 

of  living;  but  among  the  onlookers  were  some 
before  whom  the  years  of  long  ago  were  pass- 
ing in  rapid  succession.  They  saw  the  grim, 
silent  soldier  sitting  his  steed  on  Seminary  Ridge, 
Gettysburg,  and  it  was  the  nod  of  that  head 
which  sent  Pickett  and  his  men  over  that  ter- 
rible space  towards  the  high-water  mark  of  the 
Rebellion,  —  a  failure,  but  the  most  glorious 
charge  in  history.  Again  they  see  him  trans- 
ported to  the  south-west,  commanding  the  left 
wing  of  Bragg's  army  at  Chickamauga,  and 
with  the  observation  born  of  genius,  detecting 
the  weak  point  in  the  Union  lines,  they  see  him 
hurling  Hood  and  his  followers  upon  the  devoted 
Thomas  with  such  force  and  fury  that  none  save 
that  rock  could  resist.  Once  more  the  scene 
changes.  It  is  at  Appomattox.  The  cause  is 
forever  lost.  Lee  has  surrendered,  and  then  it 
is  that  our  own  Ulysses  takes  one  of  those  arms 
before  us,  greets  the  friend  of  other  days,  and 
says,  "  Jim,  how  are  the  folks  at  home  ?  "  Now 
the  great  Confederate  utters  only  these  few  but 
happy  words:  "The  time  was  when  it  was  the 
height  of  my  ambition  to  capture  Boston.  To- 
day I   have   found   it   a  very  easy  task,  though 


56  THE  BULFINCH  STATE   HOUSE. 

on   somewhat   different   lines   from   those    of    '61 
and  '65." 

The  necessary  absence  from  the  old  chamber, 
during  the  repairs,  made  it  evident  that  enlarged 
quarters  were  necessary,  and  the  old  Representa- 
tives' Hall  was  assigned  as  the  future  location  of 
this  branch,  and  here  we  are  to-day.  Possibly 
if  Senators  had  been  consulted  they  would  have 
taken  with  them  the  helmet,  sword  and  drum 
recalling  Bennington  and  John  Stark,  the  Lex- 
ington musket  and  the  British  gun  captured  at 
Concord;  still,  surrounded  as  they  are  by  the 
faces  of  former  Governors  of  the  Common- 
wealth, they  are  fittingly  placed.  We  miss 
some  objects  formerly  seen  in  this  place.  The 
floor  is  changed,  the  seating  altered,  but  the 
general  effect  is  much  nearer  that  of  a  century 
ago  than  any  one  of  us  ever  saw  before.  We 
lack  the  codfish,  but  we  reflect  that  he  is  in 
good  and  congenial  company,  among  old  friends, 
and  we  wish  all  concerned  long  years  of  mutual 
enjoyment.  For  a  century  fair  faces  have  looked 
down  into  this  arena  from  the  east  gallery,  and 
from  that  opposite  this  platform  the  families  of 
executives  taking  the  oath  of  office  have  regarded 


ADDRESS  BY  ALFRED  SEELYE  ROE.  57 

the  scene.  In  the  west  gallery  have  assembled 
observers  to  its  full  capacity.  Again  they  are  all 
filled  with  the  public  and  for  the  public's  good. 
The  Legislature  of  Massachusetts  has  no  secret 
sessions. 

Finally  the  dream  of  many  a  loyal  Massachu- 
setts heart  is  made  real  on  this  occasion.  Gen. 
Francis  A.  Walker  deemed  the  effort  to  destroy 
little  better  than  profanation,  and  were  he  with 
us,  how  would  his  voice  join  in  acclaim  over  the 
restoration!  The  old  State  House  stands,  visible 
from  afar  — 

"  First  glimpse  of  the  sailor  who  makes  the  harbor  round, 
And  last  slow-fading  vision  dear  to  the  outward  bound." 

From  the  cupola  unnumbered  thousands  will, 
in  the  years  to  come,  enjoy  the  sights  there 
afforded,  and  the  dome,  whether  gilded  or  painted, 
will  continue  to  greet  the  gaze  of  sons  and 
daughters  of  the  Bay  State  as  they  near  this 
Massachusetts  mecca.  Its  curved  surface  must 
have  caught  the  sound  of  the  guns  of  the 
"  Chesapeake "  when  brave  Lawrence  exclaimed, 
"  Don't  give  up  the  ship."  Like  Olivet  over 
Jerusalem,  it  watches   the  tides  in  the  affairs  of 


58  THE  BULFINCH  STATE   HOUSE. 

men.  It  has  noted  the  changes  of  a  century, 
and  is  still  the  most  observed  of  all  that  Boston 
has  to  present;  and  on  this  morning  I  fancy  its 
spirit  may  have  greeted  that  of  the  Old  South, 
saying,  "  I  too  am  getting  along  in  years,  but  I 
begin  my  second  century  hail  and  hearty."  And 
then  further  off  a  greeting  goes  to  dear  Old 
Faneuil  Hall,  with  the  words,  "Your  sacred 
relics  are  now  no  more  safe  than  mine."  With 
a  hearty  "Good  morning"  goes  a  ringing  salute 
to  the  monument,  on  Bunker  Hill,  "Like  you, 
firmly  rooted  and  securely  builded,  I  am  here  to 
stay.     Together  let  us  hold  the  fort." 

May  the  day  be  far  distant  when  this  edifice 
shall  be  any  less  a  source  of  joy  and  pride  to  all 
beholders.  May  it  be  to  Boston  and  to  Massa- 
chusetts what  St.  Paul's  is  to  London,  the  Castle 
to  Edinburgh,  —  a  place  "  Whither  the  tribes  go 
up,  the  tribes  of  the  Lord,  unto  the  testimony 
of  Israel,  to  give  thanks  unto  the  name  of  the 
Lord." 


APPENDIX, 


Executive  and  Legislative 
Departments  of  the  Government 


or  THE 


([tommontaealtlj  of  Sfassatjrasttis. 


1898. 


WINTHROP    MURRAY   CRANE. 


Executive  Department. 


..»»»•««<" 


HIS    EXCEIjIjEIMCY 

Roger  Wolcott  of  Boston, 

GOVEt^Of*. 


His  hoj*oi* 

W.  Murray  Crane  of  Dalton, 

IiIEUTEflAriT    COVE^O**. 


COUNCIL 


District    I. 

NATHANIEL   F.    RYDER  . 

District    II. 

BENJAMIN   S.   LOYELL    . 

District    III. 

GEORGE   N.   SWALLOW     . 


District    IV. 


JOHN   H.   SULLIVAN 


District   V. 

HORACE   H.    ATHERTON  . 

District   VI. 

ELISHA   H.   SHAW      . 


District   VII. 


ALLEN   L.   JOSLIN 


District   VIII. 

WILLIAM   B.    PLUNKETT. 


of  Middleboroilgq, 

of  Weyrqotltq. 

of  Bostoq. 

of  Bostor\. 

of  Satfgifs. 

of  Chelmsford. 

of  Oxford. 

of  Adarr\s. 


EXECUTIVE    SECHETflf^Y. 
EDWARD   F.    HAMLIN        ....        of  Ne^toq. 


GEORGE    E.  SMITH. 


Senate. 


president. 
HON.  GEORGE  E.  SMITH, 


Everett. 


CLERK. 


HENRY  D.   COOUDGE,     . 


•  •  • 


ASSISTANT  CLERK. 

WILLI 'AM  H.   SANGER,      . 


Concord. 


Boston. 


NAME. 


ADDRESS 


DISTRICT. 


Bailey,  Charles  0.,     . 
Barber,  Harding  R.,  . 
Bennett,  Josiah  C,    . 
Black,  William  R.,    . 
Bouv6,  Walter  L., 
Brigham,  William  H., 
Chamberlain,  Loyed  E., 
Cook,  William  H.,     . 
Crane,  Ellery  B., 
Dallinger,  Frederick  W., 
Davis,  William  W.,   . 
Fairbank,  Wilson  H., 
Farley,  Joseph  B., 
Flint,  James  H., 
Flynn,  Joseph  J., 


Newbury, 

Athol,    . 

Lynn,     . 

Taunton, 

Hingham, 

Hudson, 

Brockton, 

Milford, 

Worcester, 

Cambridge, 

Boston,  . 

Warren, 

Erving,  . 

Weymouth, 

Lawrence, 


Third  Essex. 
Third  Worcester, 
First  Essex. 
First  Bristol. 
First  Plymouth. 
Sixth  Middlesex. 
Second  Plymouth. 
Fifth  Worcester. 
First  Worcester. 
Second  Middlesex. 
Eighth  Suffolk. 

Fourth  Worcester. 

Franklin  and 
Hampshire. 

First  Norfolk. 
Fifth  Essex. 


64 


APPENDIX. 


Senate  -  concluded. 


NAME. 


ADDRESS 


DISTRICT. 


Folsom,  Charles  E.,  . 
Gallivan,  James  A.,  . 
Gauss,  John  D.  H.,    . 
George,  Samuel  W.,  . 
Harwood,  Albert  L.,  . 
Hayes,  James  E.,1 
Hodgkins,  William  H., 
Holden,  Joshua  B.,    . 
Irwin,  Richard  W.,    . 
Leach,  William  W.,  . 
Mahoney,  William  B., 
Moran,  William, 
Morse,  William  A.,    . 
Parsons,  Henry, 
Putnam,  George  E.,  . 
Quirk,  Charles  I., 
Roberts,  Ernest  W.,  . 
Roe,  Alfred  S.,  . 
Rourke,  Daniel  D.,    . 
Shaw,  David  B.,J 
Smith,  George  E., 
Soule,  Rufus  A., 
Towle,  William  W.,  . 
Whittlesey,  William  A., 
Williams,  Fred  H.,    . 
Woodward,  Charles  F., 


Boston,  . 
Boston,  . 
Salem,    . 
Haverhill, 
Newton, 
Boston,  . 
Somerville, 
Boston,  . 
Northampton 
Palmer, 
Westfield, 
Fall  River, 
Tisbury, 
Marlborough 
Lowell,  . 
Boston,  . 
Boston,  . 
Worcester, 
Boston,  . 
Boston,  . 
Everett, . 
New  Bedford 
Boston,  . 
Pittsfield, 
Brookline, 
Wakefield, 


Seventh  Suffolk. 
Sixth  Suffolk. 
Second  Essex. 
Fourth  Essex. 
First  Middlesex. 
Second  Suffolk. 
Third  Middlesex. 

Ninth  Suffolk. 

Berkshire  and 
Hampshire. 

First  Hampden. 
Second  Hampden. 
Second  Bristol. 
Cape. 

Fifth  Middlesex. 
Seventh  Middlesex. 
Fourth  Suffolk. 
First  Suffolk. 
Second  Worcester. 
Third  Suffolk. 
Second  Suffolk. 
Fourth  Middlesex. 
Third  Bristol. 
Fifth  Suffolk. 
Berkshire. 

Second  Norfolk. 

Middlesex  and 
Essex. 


1  Died  February  8. 


2  Elected  to  succeed  James  E.  Hayes,  deceased. 


JOHN    L.  BATES. 


House  of  Representatives. 


speaker. 
HON.  JOHN   L    BATES,    . 


Boston, 


CLERK. 


JAMES  W.   KIMBALL,     . 


Lynn. 


ASSISTANT  CLERK. 

FRANK  E.   BRIDGMAN,  . 


Boston. 


NAME. 

DISTRICT. 

ADDRESS. 

Adams,  Austin  F.,     . 

3,  Worcester, 

Barre  Plains. 

Allen,  Rollin  M.,       .        • 

1,  Nantucket, 

Nantucket. 

Allen,  Romeo  E.,       .        • 

9,  Worcester, 

Shrewsbury. 

Allen,  S.  Augustus,  .        . 

9,  Hampden,        . 

Westfield. 

Ames,  Butler,     .... 

27,  Middlesex, 

Lowell. 

Andrews,  Richard  F.,  Jr., 

21,  Suffolk,    . 

Boston. 

Anthony,  Julius  C,  . 

3,  Berkshire, 

Adams. 

Apsey,  Albert  S., 

5,  Middlesex, 

Boston. 

Attwill,  Henry  C, 

13,  Essex, 

Lynn. 

Bachelder,  Thomas  C, 

20,  Suffolk,    . 

Dorchester. 

Balcom,  George, 

21,  Middlesex, 

Marlborough. 

Baldwin,  John  E., 

14,  Suffolk,    . 

South  Boston. 

Barnard,  Frank  W.,  . 

2,  Bristol,     . 

Mansfield. 

Bartlett,  George  H.,  . 

5,  Essex, 

Haverhill. 

66 


APPENDIX. 


House  of  Representatives  -  continued. 


NAME. 


DISTRICT. 


ADDRESS. 


Bartlett,  Jonathan  B.  L., 
Bates,  John  L.,  . 
Battles,  David  W.,     . 
Beede,  Charles  0., 
Belcher,  Henry  A.,    . 
Bemis,  George  E., 
Bennett,  Frank  P.,    . 
Bickford,  Scott  F.,     . 
Bisbee,  Horatio,  • 
Blaney,  Osgood  C,    . 
Bleiler,  John, 
Bosworth,  Henry  H., 
Bottomly,  Jerome, 
Bout  well,  Harvey  L., 
Boynton,  Warren, 
Breath,  Melvin  L., 
Bresnahan,  Hugh  W., 
Bridgeo,  William, 
Brooks,  Oscar  T., 
Brown,  Charles  E.,    . 
Bullock,  William  J., . 
Burgess,  Albert  H.,    . 
Callender,  Edward  B., 
Campbell,  Andrew,    . 
Carberry,  James  F.,  . 
Carleton,  George  H., . 
Chandler,  Leonard  B., 


24 

1 
11 
12 

7 

1 
14 
28 

2 
16 
22 

4 

6 
11 
22 
26 
13 
15 

1 
17 

8 
13 
24 

9 
19 

4 


Suffolk,    . 

Suffolk,    . 

Plymouth, 

Essex, 

Norfolk,  . 

Franklin, 

Essex, 

Suffolk,    . 

Hampshire, 

Suffolk,    . 

Suffolk,    . 

Hampden, 

Worcester, 

Middlesex, 

Essex, 

Suffolk,    . 

Suffolk,    . 

Essex, 

Worcester, 

Middlesex, 

Bristol,     . 

Worcester, 

Suffolk,    . 

Hampden, 

Worcester, 

Essex, 

Middlesex, 


Mattapan. 

East  Boston. 

Brockton. 

Lynn. 

Randolph. 

Charlemont. 

Boston. 

Boston. 

Chesterfield. 

Dorchester. 

Roxbury. 

Springfield. 

Cherry  Valley, 

Leicester. 
Boston. 

Ipswich. 

Chelsea. 

Boston. 

Marblehead. 

Athol. 

Concord. 

New  Bedford. 

Fitchburg. 

Dorchester. 

Westfield. 

Worcester. 

Haverhill. 

Somervllle. 


APPENDIX. 


67 


House  of  Representatives -continued. 


NAME. 


DISTRICT. 


ADDRESS. 


Chappie,  William  D., 
Clancy,  James  B., 
Clarke,  Albert,   . 
Clerke,  Charles  S.,     . 
Codman,  James  M.,  Jr., 
Cole,  Samuel, 
Connolly,  John  W.,  . 
Conroy,  Thomas  A.,  . 
Cooke,  Walter  S.  V., 
Coolidge,  Daniel  S.,   . 
Coombs,  George  W., . 
Crawford,  Fred  E.,    . 
Crocker,  Thomas  W., 
Crosby,  Alfred  R.,     . 
Crosby,  Henry  V.,     . 
Crouch,  Charles  S.,    . 
Cullinane,  Richard,   . 
Curtis,  William, 
Dalton,  J.  Frank, 
Davis,  Daniel  W., 
Davis,  William  R.,    . 
Dean,  Charles  A., 
Dean,  Charles  L., 
Denham,  Thomas  M., 
Donahue,  Thomas,     . 
Donovan,  Eugene  E., 
Dooling,  Thomas  J.,  . 


16,  Essex, 

13,  Suffolk,    . 

9,  Norfolk,  . 
10,  Suffolk,    . 

2,  Norfolk,  . 

19,  Essex, 

9,  Bristol,     . 
18,  Suffolk,    . 

10,  Worcester, 

4,  Middlesex, 

20,  Worcester, 

14,  Middlesex, 
8,  Plymouth, 
1,  Bristol,     . 

5,  Worcester, 
1 ,  Hampshire, 

7,  Essex, 

8,  Norfolk,  . 

17,  Essex, 

1,  Essex, 

2,  Middlesex, 
29,  Middlesex, 

11,  Middlesex, 
7,  Bristol,     . 

10,  Bristol,     . 

3,  Bristol, 

7,  Hampden, 


Salem. 

South  Boston. 

Boston. 

Boston. 

Boston. 

Beverly. 

Fall  River. 

Roxbury. 

Milford. 

Cambridgeport. 

Worcester. 

Watertown. 

Bridgewater. 

Attleborough. 

Brookfield. 

Northampton. 

Lawrence. 

Stoughton. 

Salem. 

Amesbury. 

Cambridgeport. 

Wakefield. 

Maiden. 

New  Bedford. 

Fall  River. 

Taunton. 

Holyoke. 


68 


APPENDIX. 


House  of  Representatives -continued. 


NAME. 

DISTRICT. 

ADDRESS. 

Drake,  Frederic  P.,    . 

4,  Norfolk,   . 

Canton. 

Draper,  Henry  J., 

26,  Middlesex, 

Lowell. 

Driscoll,  Daniel  J.,     . 

6,  Hampden, 

Chicopee. 

Dubuque,  Hugo  A.,   . 

11,  Bristol,     . 

Fall  River. 

Dumond,  John  B.,     . 

12,  Suffolk,    . 

Boston. 

England,  Daniel, 

4,  Berkshire, 

Pittsfield. 

Estes,  Eugene  B., 

9,  Plymouth, 

Brockton. 

Estey,  Francis  W.,    . 

23,  Suffolk,    . 

Roslindale. 

Farmer,  Frank  H.,     . 

27,  Middlesex, 

Tewksbury. 

Farrar,  Francis  F.,     . 

13,  Worcester, 

Fitchburg. 

Favor,  John, 

20,  Essex, 

Gloucester. 

Fay,  Asa  B., 

11,  Worcester, 

Northborough. 

Feneno,  John  J., 

19,  Suffolk,    . 

Roxbury. 

Fitzgerald,  William  T.  A., 

7,  Suffolk,    . 

Boston. 

Folsom,  Albert  T.,     . 

4,  Hampden, 

Springfield. 

Foster,  Harry  C, 

19,  Essex, 

Boston. 

Francis,  Frank  W.,    . 

8,  Bristol,     . 

New  Bedford. 

Frederick,  George  G., 

6,  Essex, 

Methuen. 

Fuller,  George  F., 

3,  Hampden, 

Springfield. 

Gaddis,  Michael  E.,   . 

18,  Suffolk,    . 

Boston. 

Garrity,  Richard  W., 

17,  Suffolk,    . 

Roxbury. 

Gartland,  John  J  ,  Jr., 

9,  Suffolk,    . 

Boston. 

Gaylord,  Henry  E.,    . 

3,  Hampshire, 

So.  Hadley  Falls. 

Gilman,  Moses  D., 

16,  Worcester, 

Worcester. 

Gleason,  David  J., 

14,  Suffolk,    . 

South  Boston. 

Gove,  Otis  M.,    . 

15,  Middlesex, 

Waltham. 

Grant,  Oliver  S., 

19,  Suffolk,    . 

Boston. 

APPENDIX. 


69 


House  of  Representatives -continued. 


NAME. 


DISTRICT. 


ADDRESS. 


Grimes,  James  W.,    . 
Hall,  Almon  E., 
Hall,  Amos  E.,  .        . 
Hall,  Luther, 
Hammond,  Frederick, 
Harlow,  Franklin  P., 
Harwood,  George  F., 
Haskins,  Leander  M., 
Hawes,  Martin  E.,     . 
Hayes,  Alfred  S., 
Hayes,  William  H.  I., 
Hayward,  Albert  F., 
Hemphill,  Ashton  E., 
Hill,  John  W.,   . 
Hiscox,  Albert  F., 
Hoag,  Charles  E., 
Holton,  Seba  A., 
Horgan,  Francis  J.,   . 
How,  Carleton  F., 
Howard,  Walter  F.,  . 
•Howe,  Rufus,     . 
Hoyt,  Edward  H.,     . 
Huntress,  Franklin  E., 
Innes,  Charles  H., 
Johnson,  Charles  R., 
Jones,  George  R., 
Jones,  Melville  D.,     . 


28,  Middlesex, 
2,  Berkshire, 

10,  Middlesex, 

2,  Barnstable, 

25,  Suffolk,    . 

5,  Plymouth, 
14,  Essex, 

21,  Essex, 

6,  Norfolk,  . 
12,  Suffolk,    . 

26,  Middlesex, 
16,  Middlesex, 

8,  Hampden, 
1,  Hampshire, 

7,  Worcester, 
5,  Hampden, 
1,  Barnstable, 

8,  Suffolk,    . 

3,  Essex, 

11,  Worcester, 

22,  Middlesex, 

9,  Essex, 

7,  Middlesex, 
10,  Suffolk,  . 
21,  Worcester, 
31,  Middlesex, 

7,  Middlesex, 


Boston. 

Williamstown. 

Everett. 

Dennis. 

Allston. 

Whitman. 

Lynn. 

Boston. 

East  Weymouth. 

Boston. 

Lowell. 

Newton  Highlands. 

Holyoke. 

Williamsburg. 

Webster. 

Springfield. 

Falmouth. 

Boston. 

Haverhill. 

Clinton. 

Hudson. 

Haverhill. 

Boston. 

Boston. 

Worcester. 

Boston. 

Somerville. 


70 


APPENDIX. 


House  of  Representatives -continued. 


NAME. 

m  ■ -  -  --  — 

DISTRICT. 

ADDRESS. 

Jones,  Michael  B., 

10,  Bristol,     . 

Fall  River. 

Josselyn,  William  A., 

2,  Plymouth, 

North  Pembroke. 

Joubert,  Joseph  H.,   . 

7,  Essex, 

Lawrence. 

Kane,  Daniel  J., 

6,  Suffolk,    . 

Boston. 

Keith,  Charles  P.,      .        , 

4,  Middlesex, 

Cambridgeport. 

Kells,  William,  Jr.,    . 

15,  Suffolk,    . 

South  Boston. 

Kelly,  John  Li,  . 

2,  Suffolk,    . 

East  Boston. 

Kenefick,  Thomas  W., 

1,  Hampden, 

Palmer. 

Kiley,  Daniel  J., 

8,  Suffolk,    . 

Boston. 

King,  Arthur  D., 

2,  Hampden, 

North  Wilbraham. 

King,  Randolph  V.,  . 

22,  Suffolk,    . 

Jamaica  Plain. 

Kyle,  William  S.,      . 

1,  Plymouth, 

Plymouth. 

Lang,  William  A., 

25,  Middlesex, 

Lowell. 

Learoyd,  Addison  P., 

10,  Essex, 

Danvers. 

Leland,  Francis, 

2,  Worcester, 

Otter  River. 

Lewis,  Charles  D., 

20,  Middlesex, 

So.  Framingham. 

Libby,  John  F., 

12,  Middlesex, 

Boston. 

Lockhart,  Alexander, 

11,  Bristol,     . 

Fall  River. 

Lyon,  Albert  W., 

16,  Suffolk,    . 

Dorchester. 

Macken,  Luke  J., 

5,  Berkshire, 

Hinsdale. 

Mackey,  Thomas, 

7,  Suffolk,    . 

Boston. 

Magenis,  John  E., 

1,  Berkshire, 

North  Adams. 

Mahoney,  David  A.,  . 

9,  Suffolk,    . 

Boston. 

Mahoney,  William  E., 

4,  Suffolk,    . 

Boston. 

Marden,  William  H., 

30,  Middlesex, 

Stoneham. 

Mayo,  Benjamin  W., 

3,  Franklin, 

Turner's  Falls. 

McCarthy,  Jeremiah  J., 

4,  Suffolk,    . 

Charlestown. 

APPENDIX. 


71 


House  of  Representatives -continued. 


NAME. 

DISTRICT. 

ADDRESS. 

McKnight,  Levi  G.,    . 

2,  Worcester, 

West  Gardner. 

McLoughlin,  William  I., 

17,  Worcester, 

Worcester. 

McManus,  John  A.,  . 

15,  Suffolk,    . 

South  Boston. 

Mead,  George  F., 

13,  Middlesex, 

Lexington. 

Meek,  Thomas  H.,     . 

8,  Worcester, 

East  Douglas. 

Mellen,  George  W.,    . 

7,  Berkshire, 

Great  Barrington- 

Miller,  William  J.,     . 

5,  Suffolk,    . 

Charlestown. 

Mills,  Charles  P., 

22,  Essex,      . 

Newburyport. 

Montgomery,  James  A., 

2,  Middlesex, 

Cambridge. 

Morrison,  Andrew  H., 

11,  Bristol,     . 

Fall  River. 

Morse,  William  L.,    . 

21,  Middlesex, 

Marlborough- 

Myers,  James  J., 

1,  Middlesex, 

Boston. 

Nettleton,  William  A., 

6,  Berkshire, 

Stockbridge. 

Nevin,  Edward  B.,     . 

6,  Norfolk,  . 

Boston. 

Newcomb,  Thaddeus  H., 

5,  Norfolk,  . 

Quincy. 

Newcomb,  William  N., 

4,  Hampshire, 

Ware. 

Newton,  H.  Huestis, . 

10,  Middlesex, 

Everett. 

Noonan,  T.  Frank,     . 

3,  Suffolk,    . 

Charlestown. 

Norton,  George  H.,    . 

17,  Suffolk,    . 

Boston. 

O'Connor,  James, 

2,  Suffolk,    . 

East  Boston. 

Parker,  Charles  E.,    .        , 

4,  Worcester, 

Holden. 

Parker,  Harold, 

12,  Worcester, 

South  Lancaster. 

Parsons,  Herbert  C, 

2,  Franklin, 

Greenfield. 

Paton,  Alexander  S., 

14,  Worcester, 

Leominster. 

Pattee,  Joseph  E., 

26,  Middlesex, 

Lowell. 

Perry,  Francis  C, 

18,  Middlesex, 

Natick. 

Peters,  Lemuel  W.,    . 

23,  Suffolk,    . 

Boston. 

72 


APPENDIX. 


House  of  Representatives -continued. 


NAME. 

DISTRICT. 

ADDRESS. 

Philbrick,  Joseph  M., 

5,  Bristol,     . 

Taunton. 

Phillips,  Franklin  F., 

7,  Middlesex, 

Somerville. 

Pickard,  Edward  L., 

16,  Middlesex, 

Auburndale. 

Ponce,  John  H., 

3,  Middlesex, 

East  Cambridge. 

Poor,  Albert, 

8,  Essex, 

Andover. 

Porter,  Burrill,  Jr.,    . 

1,  Bristol,     . 

N.  Attleborough. 

Powers,  John  A., 

11,  Middlesex, 

Maiden. 

Pratt,  David  G., 

7,  Plymouth, 

N.  Middleborough. 

Ramsay,  James  P.,    .        . 

25,  Middlesex, 

Lowell. 

Ramsdell,  Charles  H., 

13,  Essex, 

Lynn. 

Reed,  Silas  D.,   . 

4,  Bristol,     . 

Taunton. 

Rice,  George  M., 

15,  Worcester, 

Worcester. 

Richardson,  Frank  S., 

1,  Berkshire, 

North  Adams. 

Ross,  Leonard  W.,    . 

25,  Suffolk,    . 

Boston. 

Ross,  Samuel,    . 

7,  Bristol,     . 

New  Bedford. 

Rowan,  John  A., 

6,  Suffolk,    . 

Boston. 

Rowell,  Edward  T.,  . 

26,  Middlesex, 

Lowell. 

Russell,  Michael  L.,  . 

18,  Worcester, 

Worcester. 

Saunders,  Charles  R., 

11,  Suffolk,    . 

Boston. 

Sears,  Thomas  D., 

3,  Barnstable, 

North  Brewster. 

Seavey,  James  F., 

11,  Essex, 

Lynn. 

Selfridge,  George  S.,1 

11,  Suffolk,    . 

Boston. 

Severance,  "William  H., 

12,  Essex, 

Lynn. 

Sheehan,  John  F., 

7,  Hampden,        . 

Holyoke. 

Sisson,  Robert  S., 

11,  Essex, 

Lynn. 

Skillings,  "William  E., 

21,  Suffolk,    . 

Roxbury. 

Slocum,  John  0., 

6,  Bristol,     . 

Dartmouth. 

1  Elected  to  succeed  Francis  C.  Lowell,  resigned. 


APPENDIX. 


73 


House  of  Representatives -continued. 


NAME. 

DISTRICT. 

ADDRESS. 

Smart,  George  B., 

6,  Essex, 

Lawrence. 

Smith,  Harvey  C,     . 

20,  Essex, 

Gloucester. 

Snow,  Andrew  R  , 

7,  Worcester, 

Webster. 

Stalker,  Hugh  L., 

1,  Suffolk,    . 

East  Boston. 

Stanley,  Benjamin  F., 

2,  Essex, 

Xewburvport. 

Staples,  Nathaniel  G., 

6,  Plymouth, 

Lakeville. 

Stebhins,  Marcus  M., 

4,  Franklin, 

Erving. 

Stevenson,  John  M.,  . 

4,  Berkshire, 

Pittsfield. 

Stewart,  Joseph  I.,    *. 

20,  Suffolk,    . 

Dorchester. 

Stone,  Willmore  B.,  . 

3,  Hampden, 

Springfield. 

Sullivan,  Cornelius  F., 

7,  Essex, 

Lawrence. 

Swift,  William  S.t      . 

1,  Dukes, 

Vineyard  Haven. 

Taft,  Arthur  R., 

9,  Worcester, 

Uxbridge. 

Tague,  Peter  F., 

3,  Suffolk,    . 

Charlestown. 

Talbot,  Zephaniah,     . 

19,  Middlesex, 

Holliston. 

Thompson,  James,     . 

5,  Norfolk,  . 

Quincy. 

Tilton,  Charles  W.,    . 

10,  Plymouth, 

Brockton. 

Trow,  Charles  E., 

18,  Essex, 

Salem. 

Tuttle,  Samuel  A., 

3,  Norfolk,  . 

Hyde  Park. 

Twomey,  Edmund  J., 

f>,  Suffolk,    . 

Charlestown. 

Waite,  J.  Gilman, 

9,  Middlesex, 

Medford. 

Washburn,  Charles  G., 

22,  Worcester, 

Worcester. 

Waterman,  Eben  C, . 

4,  Plymouth, 

Hanover. 

Wells,  Abelard  E.,     . 

10,  Essex, 

Peabody. 

Wentworth,  Edward  E., 

3,  Plymouth, 

Cohasset. 

Whidden,  George  W., 

15,  Middlesex, 

Waltham. 

Whipple,  John  J., 

10,  Plymouth, 

Boston. 

74 


APPENDIX. 


House  of  Representatives -concluded. 


NAME. 

DISTRICT. 

ADDRESS. 

Whitaker,  Elbridge  J., 

10,  Norfolk,  . 

Wrentham. 

Whitcomb,  Frank  H., 

1  • 

23,  Middlesex, 

West  Acton. 

Whitcorab,  George  L., 

21,  Middlesex, 

Townsend. 

White,  Horace  C, 

6,  Middlesex, 

Somerville. 

Whitehead,  James,    . 

9,  Bristol,     . 

Fall  River. 

Willard,  Edward  E., 

27,  Suffolk,    . 

Chelsea. 

Williams,  Appleton  P., 

10,  Worcester, 

West  Upton. 

Williams,  George  Fenelon, 

10,  Norfolk,  . 

Foxborough. 

Winslow,  Francis  0., 

1,  Norfolk,  . 

Norwood. 

Wood,  Alva  S.,  . 

28,  Middlesex, 

Woburn. 

192114 


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UNIVERSITY  HEIGHTS 
CHESTNUT  HILL,  MASS. 

Books  maybe  kept  for  two  weeks  and  may  b< 
renewed  for  the  same  period,  unless  reserved. 

Two  cents  a  day  is  charged  for  each  book  kept 
overtime. 

Tf    ..    £_J I *     ~      __1.    ^U_ 


